20-quarter listed-company comparison

Auto Manufacturers Stocks

Auto Manufacturers: Lucid Group, Inc. owns the largest revenue base AND the fastest current growth.

01 · the industry itself · before any single company

How has Auto Manufacturers moved against S&P 500?

The line below covers up to 5.2 years and opens on the 5Y view; the buttons cut it shorter. Over the most recent two of them this industry is 35% behind S&P 500. Earnings across its companies fell 39% on average over the last four reported quarters.

BASING · +4 joined~Price down, no fundamental support7 of 18 companies ahead of S&P 500 by 5% or more over three months

RS — · 5/18 >200d (+0) · 7/18 lead (+4) · EPS 9/18↑

Auto Manufacturers, equal-weighted, based at 200 S&P 500, same base, same start trailing 12-month earnings per share rising falling

Both lines start at 200 in the same week, so the distance between them is the whole story: the industry line is an equal-weighted index of its 18 companies. The bars underneath are trailing 12-month earnings per share, one bar per reported quarter, each member rebased to 100 at the start and the industry taking the median — so a price line pulling away from flat bars is a re-rating, not earnings. A bar turns red when that figure is lower than the quarter before. Rules are fixed and applied identically everywhere on this site: ahead by 5% or more over three months, or behind by 20% or more over a year while earnings grew 20% or more. Hover any point to read both values and the gap. This is a description of what the numbers did, not advice.

02 · sector relative strength, before individual stocks

Is Auto Manufacturers outperforming S&P 500?

Auto Manufacturers has underperformed S&P 500 by 20.8% over the last 52 weeks. Over 13 weeks the gap is a lead of 9.1%. 1 of 12 covered companies currently beats the S&P 500 on Mansfield relative strength, so leadership inside the sector is selective. General Motors Company is the strongest against the sector itself at +16.6%.

+9.1%Sector vs S&P 500 · 13 weeks

-20.8%Sector vs S&P 500 · 52 weeks

1/12Stocks leading S&P 500

3/12Stocks leading sector

Sector metric: — as of latest available · unclassified · direction unavailable.

The central tension: current leadership is concentrated, so durability matters more than rank.

Start with scale. Then earnings trajectory. Then business quality. Only after those three agree should price leadership carry much weight.

Bottom line

Auto Manufacturers has underperformed S&P 500 by 20.8% over 52 weeks and 9.1% over 13 weeks. 1 of 12 covered companies beat the S&P 500 on Mansfield relative strength, while 3 of 12 beat the sector itself. Lucid Group, Inc. leads with revenue of $1,401 million, based on 3 of 12 comparable companies through Mar 2026.

Companies

complete canonical membership

Combined market value

$1.6T

Tesla, Inc.

Revenue growing

1/3

positive TTM year-on-year growth

Beating S&P 500

1/12

positive Mansfield relative strength

Comparing 3 of 12

03 · research priority, made explicit

4-Factor Sector Score

An additive sector-relative research score. The four displayed point contributions always equal the total: Growth & earnings (35), Capital efficiency (25), Valuation (20), and Relative strength (20). Missing or stale evidence is absorbed inside the affected factor, never applied as a hidden adjustment.

Growth & earnings · 35%Capital efficiency · 25%Valuation · 20%Relative strength · 20%

Ferrari N.V. has the strongest current balance of earnings trajectory, business quality, valuation and price confirmation, with 57.8% evidence confidence.

General Motors Company has stronger price confirmation than earnings confirmation; that is a research prompt, not permission to chase.

How this score is built, and what the marks mean

Missing observations are not scored as bad. Their missing weight lowers confidence and pulls the final score toward neutral. PEG is not shown when the ratio cannot mean anything: the company must be making a profit, its price-to-earnings must be positive, and its three-year earnings growth must fall between 5% and 60%. Dividing a price multiple by a loss, or by growth measured off a tiny base, produces a number that looks precise and tells you nothing. Under relative strength, one mark per week shows the last 12 weeks: a mark is filled where the company led S&P 500 by 5% or more over the 13 weeks ending that week, which is the same test used everywhere on this site. Price stage places the company on the same six-step curve the sector itself is placed on — basing, turning, breaking out, leader, fading, asleep — read from how many weeks running it has led S&P 500 and whether that lead is widening or shrinking. It describes where the PRICE stands, not the earnings trajectory and not a recommendation, and it is left blank for a company whose weekly history is too short or too stale to read.

Company	Score	Price stage	Growth & earnings/35	Capital efficiency/25	Valuation/20	Relative strength/20
1Ferrari N.V.RACE	61.4/100Thin evidence · provisional58% evidence	TURNING	19.2/35 Revenue — · PAT — · OPM change -0.6 pp 45% evidence	16.6/25 ROCE 6.8% · OPM 29.7% 76% evidence	9.5/20 P/E 35.3× · PEG — 15% evidence	16.1/20 RS sector 4.9% · RS bench -6.1% · 1Y -9.2%2 of 12 weeks ahead 100% evidence
Exact sum: 19.2 + 16.6 + 9.5 + 16.1 = 61.4 · Decision use: Fill the missing evidence before acting; the ranking is deliberately pulled toward neutral.
2Ford Motor CompanyF	57.3/100Thin evidence · provisional58% evidence	BREAKING OUT	20.6/35 Revenue — · PAT — · OPM change 4.6 pp 45% evidence	10.9/25 ROCE 0.4% · OPM 5.4% 76% evidence	11.0/20 P/E 10.2× · PEG — 15% evidence	14.8/20 RS sector 7% · RS bench -2.6% · 1Y 25.8%9 of 12 weeks ahead 100% evidence
Exact sum: 20.6 + 10.9 + 11 + 14.8 = 57.3 · Decision use: Fill the missing evidence before acting; the ranking is deliberately pulled toward neutral.
3General Motors CompanyGM	56.1/100Thin evidence · provisional58% evidence	TURNING	17.4/35 Revenue — · PAT — · OPM change -0.9 pp 45% evidence	13.7/25 ROCE 0.8% · OPM 6.7% 76% evidence	9.0/20 P/E 38.9× · PEG — 15% evidence	16.0/20 RS sector 16.6% · RS bench 6.9% · 1Y 65%2 of 12 weeks ahead 100% evidence
Exact sum: 17.4 + 13.7 + 9 + 16 = 56.1 · Decision use: Fill the missing evidence before acting; the ranking is deliberately pulled toward neutral.
4Tesla, Inc.TSLA	45.4/100Thin evidence · provisional58% evidence	ASLEEP	19.3/35 Revenue — · PAT — · OPM change 2.1 pp 45% evidence	11.8/25 ROCE 0.4% · OPM 4.2% 76% evidence	8.5/20 P/E 389.4× · PEG — 15% evidence	5.8/20 RS sector -19.6% · RS bench -27.2% · 1Y -0.7%1 of 12 weeks ahead 100% evidence
Exact sum: 19.3 + 11.8 + 8.5 + 5.8 = 45.4 · Decision use: Fill the missing evidence before acting; the ranking is deliberately pulled toward neutral.
5Rivian Automotive, Inc.RIVN	43.4/100Thin evidence · provisional55% evidence	TURNING	16.9/35 Revenue — · PAT — · OPM change -11 pp 45% evidence	6.2/25 ROCE -6.9% · OPM -63.8% 76% evidence	10.0/20 P/E — · PEG — 0% evidence	10.3/20 RS sector -1.1% · RS bench -9.8% · 1Y 33.8%2 of 12 weeks ahead 100% evidence
Exact sum: 16.9 + 6.2 + 10 + 10.3 = 43.4 · Decision use: Fill the missing evidence before acting; the ranking is deliberately pulled toward neutral.
6Lucid Group, Inc.LCID	38.3/100Mixed-negative evidence61% evidence	TURNING	15.0/35 Revenue 61% · PAT — · OPM change -55.9 pp 62% evidence	4.8/25 ROCE -15.6% · OPM -350.3% 76% evidence	10.0/20 P/E — · PEG — 0% evidence	8.5/20 RS sector -32.3% · RS bench -41.8% · 1Y -63.5%2 of 12 weeks ahead 100% evidence
Exact sum: 15 + 4.8 + 10 + 8.5 = 38.3 · Decision use: Balanced evidence: keep at normal research priority and require another comparable period before raising conviction.
7LiveWire Group, Inc.LVWR	37.4/100Thin evidence · provisional52% evidence	BASING	17.9/35 Revenue — · PAT — · OPM change 407.9 pp 45% evidence	5.2/25 ROCE -19.8% · OPM -345.5% 76% evidence	10.5/20 P/E 11.6× · PEG — 15% evidence	3.8/20 RS sector -49.3% · RS bench -56.5% · 1Y -56.7%0 of 12 weeks ahead 70% evidence
Exact sum: 17.9 + 5.2 + 10.5 + 3.8 = 37.4 · Decision use: Fill the missing evidence before acting; the ranking is deliberately pulled toward neutral.
8Empery Digital Inc.EMPD	32.1/100Thin evidence · provisional54% evidence		7.9/35 Revenue -100% · PAT — · OPM change -36453 pp 62% evidence	5.3/25 ROCE -72.7% · OPM — 61% evidence	11.5/20 P/E 0× · PEG — 15% evidence	7.4/20 RS sector -27.3% · RS bench -41.3% · 1Y -53.3%2 of 8 weeks ahead to 2026-07-10 70% evidence
Exact sum: 7.9 + 5.3 + 11.5 + 7.4 = 32.1 · Decision use: Fill the missing evidence before acting; the ranking is deliberately pulled toward neutral.
9Stellantis N.V.STLA	44.8/100Thin evidence · provisional43% evidence	BASING	19.0/35 Revenue — · PAT — · OPM change — 12% evidence	11.2/25 ROCE 0.6% · OPM — 61% evidence	10.0/20 P/E 13.8× · PEG — 15% evidence	4.6/20 RS sector -31.6% · RS bench -39.2% · 1Y -37.9%0 of 12 weeks ahead 100% evidence
Exact sum: 19 + 11.2 + 10 + 4.6 = 44.8 · Decision use: Fill the missing evidence before acting; the ranking is deliberately pulled toward neutral.
10Robo.ai Inc.AIIO	44.0/100Thin evidence · provisional31% evidence	BREAKING OUT	15.3/35 Revenue — · PAT — · OPM change -174201.3 pp 15% evidence	15.7/25 ROCE 135.7% · OPM — 46% evidence	10.0/20 P/E — · PEG — 0% evidence	3.0/20 RS sector -66.6% · RS bench -73.3% · 1Y -86.8%9 of 12 weeks ahead 70% evidence
Exact sum: 15.3 + 15.7 + 10 + 3 = 44 · Decision use: Fill the missing evidence before acting; the ranking is deliberately pulled toward neutral.
11Polestar Automotive Holding UK PLCPSNY	43.0/100Thin evidence · provisional35% evidence	ASLEEP	18.3/35 Revenue — · PAT — · OPM change — 9% evidence	9.8/25 ROCE -4.8% · OPM — 46% evidence	10.0/20 P/E — · PEG — 0% evidence	4.9/20 RS sector -29.7% · RS bench -37.7% · 1Y -52.7%3 of 12 weeks ahead 100% evidence
Exact sum: 18.3 + 9.8 + 10 + 4.9 = 43 · Decision use: Fill the missing evidence before acting; the ranking is deliberately pulled toward neutral.
12Lotus Technology Inc.LOT	41.6/100Thin evidence · provisional48% evidence	BASING	14.2/35 Revenue -43.9% · PAT — · OPM change 29 pp 40% evidence	14.3/25 ROCE 21.1% · OPM -40.5% 57% evidence	10.0/20 P/E — · PEG — 0% evidence	3.1/20 RS sector -36.4% · RS bench -43.8% · 1Y -56.2%1 of 12 weeks ahead 100% evidence
Exact sum: 14.2 + 14.3 + 10 + 3.1 = 41.6 · Decision use: Fill the missing evidence before acting; the ranking is deliberately pulled toward neutral.

Showing 10 of 12 companies

04 · what price has already done

Market action

General Motors Company has the strongest one-year price move in Auto Manufacturers at +65%. It also leads on Mansfield relative strength against the S&P 500 at +6.9%. 1 of 12 covered companies is above zero on that measure. Every line covers 314 weekly closes through 2026-08-04.

Price and relative strength

Every company, the sector's own index and S&P 500 all start level on the left edge of the window, so only the distance between the lines counts — the highest line has risen the most since then, and the chart at the top of this page is drawn the same way. It opens on one year; the buttons beside it stretch that to three or five.

05 · compare level, then change

Revenue Scale & Growth Durability

Lucid Group, Inc. has the highest Revenue among the 12 Auto Manufacturers companies compared here, at $1,401 million. Lotus Technology Inc. is next at $519 million. The same company also holds the highest Revenue growth, at 61%. 3 of 12 companies report a comparable reading, the latest through Mar 2026.

What the numbers say: Lucid Group, Inc. is the scale leader at $1,401 million, 169.9% ahead of Lotus Technology Inc.. Lucid Group, Inc.'s growth is 61% from a $1,401 million base, with 19 reported observations in the 20-quarter window. Treat the growth leader as an acceleration candidate, not as equally proven scale.

LeaderLucid Group, Inc. · $1,401 million

Gap169.9% versus #2 · Lotus Technology Inc.

Persistence8/8 recent comparable periods

Coverage3/12 companies · 187 observations

Investor read: Lucid Group, Inc. is the scale benchmark; Lucid Group, Inc. is the acceleration watch. Promote the challenger only if growth persists and converts into margin and returns.

This conclusion weakens if: Lucid Group, Inc.'s growth falls below Lucid Group, Inc.'s for two consecutive comparable reports while operating margin also compresses.

Revenue is compared on a common reported-currency basis. Growth is year-on-year, so seasonality does not masquerade as progress.

Revenuelargest

1Lucid Group, Inc. LCID$1.4B

2Lotus Technology Inc. LOT · older report$519M

3Empery Digital Inc. EMPD$0M

Revenue growthfastest growers

1Lucid Group, Inc. LCID61%

2Lotus Technology Inc. LOT · older report-44%

3Empery Digital Inc. EMPD-100%

Revenue · company comparison

3/12 level · 3/12 change

On every company-comparison chart on this page: solid lines show level, dotted lines show change when “Both” is selected, and a missing report breaks the line rather than being invented.

All-company data · latest reported quarter

In every all-company table on this page, each figure is the company’s latest single reported quarter. The rankings above them use trailing-twelve-month or current-market values, so a company can legitimately show a different number in each.

Company	Revenue	Revenue growth	Reported
Stellantis N.V. STLA	$79.2B	10%	Jun 2026
General Motors Company GM	$43.6B	-0.9%	Jun 2026
Ford Motor Company F	$43.3B	6.4%	Jun 2026
Tesla, Inc. TSLA	$22.4B	16%	Jun 2026
Ferrari N.V. RACE	$1.8B	3.2%	Jun 2026
Polestar Automotive Holding UK PLC PSNY	$1.6B	45%	Dec 2025
Rivian Automotive, Inc. RIVN	$1.4B	11%	Jun 2026
Lucid Group, Inc. LCID	$282M	20%	Mar 2026
Lotus Technology Inc. LOT	$163M	-40%	Dec 2025
LiveWire Group, Inc. LVWR	$5M	67%	Jun 2026
Robo.ai Inc. AIIO	$0M	-100%	Dec 2025
Empery Digital Inc. EMPD	$0M	-200%	Mar 2026

Full 20-quarter history · every available company

Revenue · reported quarter history

Empery Digital Inc. · EMPD

Sep 2021$0M

Dec 2021$0M

Mar 2022$1M

Jun 2022$2M

Sep 2022$0M

Dec 2022$1M

Mar 2023$1M

Jun 2023$1M

Sep 2023$0M

Dec 2023$1M

Mar 2024$1M

Jun 2024$1M

Sep 2024$1M

Dec 2024$1M

Mar 2025$0M

Jun 2025$1M

Sep 2025$0M

Dec 2025$-1M

Mar 2026$0M

Jun 2026—

Ferrari N.V. · RACE

Sep 2021$1.1B

Dec 2021$1.2B

Mar 2022$1.2B

Jun 2022$1.3B

Sep 2022$1.3B

Dec 2022$1.4B

Mar 2023$1.4B

Jun 2023$1.5B

Sep 2023$1.5B

Dec 2023$1.5B

Mar 2024$1.6B

Jun 2024$1.7B

Sep 2024$1.6B

Dec 2024$1.7B

Mar 2025$1.8B

Jun 2025$1.8B

Sep 2025$1.8B

Dec 2025$1.8B

Mar 2026$1.8B

Jun 2026—

Ford Motor Company · F

Sep 2021$35.7B

Dec 2021$37.7B

Mar 2022$34.5B

Jun 2022$40.2B

Sep 2022$39.4B

Dec 2022$44.0B

Mar 2023$41.5B

Jun 2023$45.0B

Sep 2023$43.8B

Dec 2023$46.0B

Mar 2024$42.8B

Jun 2024$47.8B

Sep 2024$46.2B

Dec 2024$48.2B

Mar 2025$40.7B

Jun 2025$50.2B

Sep 2025$50.5B

Dec 2025$45.9B

Mar 2026$43.3B

Jun 2026—

General Motors Company · GM

Sep 2021$26.8B

Dec 2021$33.6B

Mar 2022$36.0B

Jun 2022$35.8B

Sep 2022$41.9B

Dec 2022$43.1B

Mar 2023$40.0B

Jun 2023$44.7B

Sep 2023$44.1B

Dec 2023$43.0B

Mar 2024$43.0B

Jun 2024$48.0B

Sep 2024$48.8B

Dec 2024$47.7B

Mar 2025$44.0B

Jun 2025$47.1B

Sep 2025$48.6B

Dec 2025$45.3B

Mar 2026$43.6B

Jun 2026—

LiveWire Group, Inc. · LVWR

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021$10M

Mar 2022$10M

Jun 2022$13M

Sep 2022$15M

Dec 2022$9M

Mar 2023$8M

Jun 2023$7M

Sep 2023$8M

Dec 2023$15M

Mar 2024$5M

Jun 2024$6M

Sep 2024$4M

Dec 2024$11M

Mar 2025$3M

Jun 2025$6M

Sep 2025$6M

Dec 2025$11M

Mar 2026$5M

Jun 2026—

Lotus Technology Inc. · LOT

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021$1M

Mar 2022$1M

Jun 2022$1M

Sep 2022$1M

Dec 2022$6M

Mar 2023$19M

Jun 2023$111M

Sep 2023$188M

Dec 2023$361M

Mar 2024$173M

Jun 2024$225M

Sep 2024$255M

Dec 2024$272M

Mar 2025$93M

Jun 2025$126M

Sep 2025$137M

Dec 2025$163M

Mar 2026—

Jun 2026—

Lucid Group, Inc. · LCID

Sep 2021$0M

Dec 2021$26M

Mar 2022$58M

Jun 2022$97M

Sep 2022$195M

Dec 2022$258M

Mar 2023$149M

Jun 2023$151M

Sep 2023$138M

Dec 2023$157M

Mar 2024$173M

Jun 2024$201M

Sep 2024$200M

Dec 2024$234M

Mar 2025$235M

Jun 2025$259M

Sep 2025$337M

Dec 2025$523M

Mar 2026$282M

Jun 2026—

Polestar Automotive Holding UK PLC · PSNY

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021$809M

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022$1.0B

Sep 2022—

Dec 2022$1.4B

Mar 2023—

Jun 2023$1.2B

Sep 2023—

Dec 2023$1.1B

Mar 2024—

Jun 2024$909M

Sep 2024—

Dec 2024$1.1B

Mar 2025—

Jun 2025$1.4B

Sep 2025—

Dec 2025$1.6B

Mar 2026—

Jun 2026—

Rivian Automotive, Inc. · RIVN

Sep 2021$1M

Dec 2021$54M

Mar 2022$95M

Jun 2022$364M

Sep 2022$536M

Dec 2022$663M

Mar 2023$661M

Jun 2023$1.1B

Sep 2023$1.3B

Dec 2023$1.3B

Mar 2024$1.2B

Jun 2024$1.2B

Sep 2024$874M

Dec 2024$1.7B

Mar 2025$1.2B

Jun 2025$1.3B

Sep 2025$1.6B

Dec 2025$1.3B

Mar 2026$1.4B

Jun 2026—

Robo.ai Inc. · AIIO

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022—

Dec 2022—

Mar 2023—

Jun 2023$1M

Sep 2023—

Dec 2023$37M

Mar 2024—

Jun 2024$7M

Sep 2024—

Dec 2024$5M

Mar 2025—

Jun 2025$1M

Sep 2025—

Dec 2025$0M

Mar 2026—

Jun 2026—

Stellantis N.V. · STLA

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022—

Dec 2022—

Mar 2023—

Jun 2023—

Sep 2023—

Dec 2023—

Mar 2024—

Jun 2024$85.0B

Sep 2024—

Dec 2024$71.9B

Mar 2025—

Jun 2025$74.3B

Sep 2025—

Dec 2025$79.2B

Mar 2026—

Jun 2026—

Tesla, Inc. · TSLA

Sep 2021$13.8B

Dec 2021$17.7B

Mar 2022$18.8B

Jun 2022$16.9B

Sep 2022$21.5B

Dec 2022$24.3B

Mar 2023$23.3B

Jun 2023$24.9B

Sep 2023$23.4B

Dec 2023$25.2B

Mar 2024$21.3B

Jun 2024$25.5B

Sep 2024$25.2B

Dec 2024$25.7B

Mar 2025$19.3B

Jun 2025$22.5B

Sep 2025$28.1B

Dec 2025$24.9B

Mar 2026$22.4B

Jun 2026—

Revenue growth · reported quarter history

Empery Digital Inc. · EMPD

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022—

Dec 2022—

Mar 20230.0%

Jun 2023-50%

Sep 2023—

Dec 20230.0%

Mar 20240.0%

Jun 20240.0%

Sep 2024—

Dec 20240.0%

Mar 2025-100%

Jun 20250.0%

Sep 2025-100%

Dec 2025-200%

Mar 2026—

Jun 2026—

Ferrari N.V. · RACE

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 202225%

Sep 202219%

Dec 202217%

Mar 202320%

Jun 202314%

Sep 202324%

Dec 202311%

Mar 202411%

Jun 202416%

Sep 20246.5%

Dec 202414%

Mar 202513%

Jun 20254.4%

Sep 20257.4%

Dec 20253.7%

Mar 20263.2%

Jun 2026—

Ford Motor Company · F

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 202250%

Sep 202210%

Dec 202217%

Mar 202320%

Jun 202312%

Sep 202311%

Dec 20234.5%

Mar 20243.1%

Jun 20246.4%

Sep 20245.5%

Dec 20244.9%

Mar 2025-5.0%

Jun 20255.0%

Sep 20259.4%

Dec 2025-4.8%

Mar 20266.4%

Jun 2026—

General Motors Company · GM

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 20224.7%

Sep 202256%

Dec 202228%

Mar 202311%

Jun 202325%

Sep 20235.4%

Dec 2023-0.3%

Mar 20247.6%

Jun 20247.2%

Sep 202410%

Dec 202411%

Mar 20252.3%

Jun 2025-1.8%

Sep 2025-0.3%

Dec 2025-5.1%

Mar 2026-0.9%

Jun 2026—

LiveWire Group, Inc. · LVWR

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022—

Dec 2022-10%

Mar 2023-20%

Jun 2023-46%

Sep 2023-47%

Dec 202367%

Mar 2024-38%

Jun 2024-14%

Sep 2024-50%

Dec 2024-27%

Mar 2025-40%

Jun 20250.0%

Sep 202550%

Dec 20250.0%

Mar 202667%

Jun 2026—

Lotus Technology Inc. · LOT

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022—

Dec 2022500%

Mar 20231,800%

Jun 202311,000%

Sep 202318,700%

Dec 20235,917%

Mar 2024811%

Jun 2024103%

Sep 202436%

Dec 2024-25%

Mar 2025-46%

Jun 2025-44%

Sep 2025-46%

Dec 2025-40%

Mar 2026—

Jun 2026—

Lucid Group, Inc. · LCID

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022—

Dec 2022892%

Mar 2023157%

Jun 202356%

Sep 2023-29%

Dec 2023-39%

Mar 202416%

Jun 202433%

Sep 202445%

Dec 202449%

Mar 202536%

Jun 202529%

Sep 202569%

Dec 2025124%

Mar 202620%

Jun 2026—

Polestar Automotive Holding UK PLC · PSNY

Sep 2021—

Dec 202137%

Mar 2022—

Jun 202295%

Sep 2022—

Dec 202273%

Mar 2023—

Jun 202319%

Sep 2023—

Dec 2023-19%

Mar 2024—

Jun 2024-26%

Sep 2024—

Dec 2024-0.6%

Mar 2025—

Jun 202557%

Sep 2025—

Dec 202545%

Mar 2026—

Jun 2026—

Rivian Automotive, Inc. · RIVN

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022—

Dec 20221,128%

Mar 2023596%

Jun 2023208%

Sep 2023149%

Dec 202398%

Mar 202482%

Jun 20243.3%

Sep 2024-35%

Dec 202432%

Mar 20253.0%

Jun 202513%

Sep 202578%

Dec 2025-26%

Mar 202611%

Jun 2026—

Robo.ai Inc. · AIIO

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022—

Dec 2022—

Mar 2023—

Jun 2023—

Sep 2023—

Dec 2023—

Mar 2024—

Jun 2024600%

Sep 2024—

Dec 2024-86%

Mar 2025—

Jun 2025-86%

Sep 2025—

Dec 2025-100%

Mar 2026—

Jun 2026—

Stellantis N.V. · STLA

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022—

Dec 2022—

Mar 2023—

Jun 2023—

Sep 2023—

Dec 2023—

Mar 2024—

Jun 2024—

Sep 2024—

Dec 2024—

Mar 2025—

Jun 2025-13%

Sep 2025—

Dec 202510%

Mar 2026—

Jun 2026—

Tesla, Inc. · TSLA

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 202242%

Sep 202256%

Dec 202237%

Mar 202324%

Jun 202347%

Sep 20238.8%

Dec 20233.5%

Mar 2024-8.7%

Jun 20242.3%

Sep 20247.9%

Dec 20242.2%

Mar 2025-9.2%

Jun 2025-12%

Sep 202512%

Dec 2025-3.1%

Mar 202616%

Jun 2026—

06 · compare level, then change

Operating Economics & Margin Trend

Ferrari N.V. has the highest OPM among the 12 Auto Manufacturers companies compared here, at 29.7%. General Motors Company is next at 6.7%. LiveWire Group, Inc. has the highest Margin change at +407.9 percentage points, so level and change sit with different companies. 8 of 12 companies report a comparable reading, the latest through Jun 2026.

What the numbers say: Ferrari N.V. leads opm at 29.7%; LiveWire Group, Inc. leads margin change at +407.9 percentage points.

LeaderFerrari N.V. · 29.7%

Gap343.3% versus #2 · General Motors Company

Persistence6/8 recent comparable periods

Coverage8/12 companies · 152 observations

Investor read: Ferrari N.V. sets the level benchmark; use the change leader as an inflection watch only after another comparable report confirms it.

This conclusion weakens if: The next two comparable reports reverse the current margin change signal.

Operating margin compares operating profit with revenue. Improvement is measured in percentage points, not percentage growth.

OPMhighest

1Ferrari N.V. RACE30%

2General Motors Company GM6.7%

3Ford Motor Company F5.4%

4Tesla, Inc. TSLA4.2%

5Lotus Technology Inc. LOT · older report-41%

Margin changefastest expanders

1LiveWire Group, Inc. LVWR+407.9 pp

2Lotus Technology Inc. LOT · older report+29.0 pp

3Ford Motor Company F+4.6 pp

4Tesla, Inc. TSLA+2.1 pp

5Ferrari N.V. RACE−0.6 pp

Operating margin · company comparison

8/12 level · 10/12 change

All-company data · latest reported quarter

Company	OPM	Margin change	Reported
Ferrari N.V. RACE	30%	−0.6 pp	Jun 2026
General Motors Company GM	6.7%	−0.9 pp	Jun 2026
Ford Motor Company F	5.4%	+4.6 pp	Jun 2026
Tesla, Inc. TSLA	4.2%	+2.1 pp	Jun 2026
Lotus Technology Inc. LOT	-41%	+29.0 pp	Dec 2025
Rivian Automotive, Inc. RIVN	-64%	−11.0 pp	Jun 2026
LiveWire Group, Inc. LVWR	-346%	+407.9 pp	Jun 2026
Lucid Group, Inc. LCID	-350%	−55.9 pp	Mar 2026
Empery Digital Inc. EMPD	-551%	−36,453.0 pp	Mar 2026
Robo.ai Inc. AIIO	-736%	−1,74,201.3 pp	Dec 2025

Full 20-quarter history · every available company

OPM · reported quarter history

Empery Digital Inc. · EMPD

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022-730%

Jun 2022-419%

Sep 2022—

Dec 2022-822%

Mar 2023-472%

Jun 2023-950%

Sep 2023—

Dec 2023-912%

Mar 2024-411%

Jun 2024-588%

Sep 2024—

Dec 2024-547%

Mar 2025-459%

Jun 2025-551%

Sep 2025—

Dec 2025—

Mar 2026—

Jun 2026—

Ferrari N.V. · RACE

Sep 202126%

Dec 202123%

Mar 202226%

Jun 202225%

Sep 202224%

Dec 202222%

Mar 202327%

Jun 202330%

Sep 202327%

Dec 202324%

Mar 202428%

Jun 202430%

Sep 202428%

Dec 202427%

Mar 202530%

Jun 202531%

Sep 202528%

Dec 202529%

Mar 202630%

Jun 2026—

Ford Motor Company · F

Sep 20213.8%

Dec 20212.0%

Mar 20223.9%

Jun 20227.1%

Sep 20221.3%

Dec 20223.5%

Mar 20235.1%

Jun 20235.5%

Sep 20232.6%

Dec 2023-0.5%

Mar 20242.9%

Jun 20243.9%

Sep 20241.9%

Dec 20242.6%

Mar 20250.8%

Jun 20251.0%

Sep 20253.1%

Dec 2025-25%

Mar 20265.4%

Jun 2026—

General Motors Company · GM

Sep 20216.1%

Dec 20214.5%

Mar 20226.1%

Jun 20225.9%

Sep 20228.1%

Dec 20226.1%

Mar 20236.4%

Jun 20236.2%

Sep 20236.8%

Dec 20232.1%

Mar 20248.7%

Jun 20248.1%

Sep 20247.5%

Dec 20243.2%

Mar 20257.6%

Jun 20254.5%

Sep 20252.2%

Dec 2025-8.1%

Mar 20266.7%

Jun 2026—

LiveWire Group, Inc. · LVWR

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021-186%

Mar 2022-151%

Jun 2022-155%

Sep 2022-143%

Dec 2022-313%

Mar 2023-321%

Jun 2023-455%

Sep 2023-311%

Dec 2023-224%

Mar 2024-611%

Jun 2024-437%

Sep 2024-597%

Dec 2024-235%

Mar 2025-753%

Jun 2025-311%

Sep 2025-330%

Dec 2025-156%

Mar 2026-346%

Jun 2026—

Lotus Technology Inc. · LOT

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022—

Dec 2022—

Mar 2023-846%

Jun 2023-165%

Sep 2023-87%

Dec 2023-63%

Mar 2024-135%

Jun 2024-91%

Sep 2024-63%

Dec 2024-70%

Mar 2025-111%

Jun 2025-128%

Sep 2025-68%

Dec 2025-41%

Mar 2026—

Jun 2026—

Lucid Group, Inc. · LCID

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022-575%

Sep 2022-352%

Dec 2022-291%

Mar 2023-517%

Jun 2023-555%

Sep 2023-546%

Dec 2023-469%

Mar 2024-423%

Jun 2024-393%

Sep 2024-385%

Dec 2024-313%

Mar 2025-294%

Jun 2025-310%

Sep 2025-280%

Dec 2025-204%

Mar 2026-350%

Jun 2026—

Rivian Automotive, Inc. · RIVN

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022-469%

Sep 2022-331%

Dec 2022-271%

Mar 2023-217%

Jun 2023-115%

Sep 2023-108%

Dec 2023-120%

Mar 2024-123%

Jun 2024-119%

Sep 2024-134%

Dec 2024-38%

Mar 2025-53%

Jun 2025-86%

Sep 2025-63%

Dec 2025-65%

Mar 2026-64%

Jun 2026—

Robo.ai Inc. · AIIO

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022—

Dec 2022—

Mar 2023—

Jun 2023—

Sep 2023—

Dec 2023-445%

Mar 2024—

Jun 2024-239%

Sep 2024—

Dec 2024—

Mar 2025—

Jun 2025-736%

Sep 2025—

Dec 2025—

Mar 2026—

Jun 2026—

Tesla, Inc. · TSLA

Sep 202115%

Dec 202115%

Mar 202219%

Jun 202215%

Sep 202217%

Dec 202216%

Mar 202311%

Jun 20239.6%

Sep 20237.6%

Dec 20238.2%

Mar 20245.5%

Jun 20246.3%

Sep 202411%

Dec 20246.2%

Mar 20252.1%

Jun 20254.1%

Sep 20255.8%

Dec 20255.7%

Mar 20264.2%

Jun 2026—

Margin change · reported quarter history

Empery Digital Inc. · EMPD

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022+4,772.0 pp

Dec 2022+2,899.6 pp

Mar 2023+258.1 pp

Jun 2023−530.7 pp

Sep 2023+1,074.4 pp

Dec 2023−89.6 pp

Mar 2024+61.4 pp

Jun 2024+361.9 pp

Sep 2024+811.5 pp

Dec 2024+364.8 pp

Mar 2025−48.4 pp

Jun 2025+36.9 pp

Sep 2025−16,260.7 pp

Dec 2025+17,551.3 pp

Mar 2026−36,453.0 pp

Jun 2026—

Ferrari N.V. · RACE

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022−1.5 pp

Sep 2022−1.8 pp

Dec 2022−0.8 pp

Mar 2023+1.0 pp

Jun 2023+4.7 pp

Sep 2023+3.5 pp

Dec 2023+2.6 pp

Mar 2024+1.0 pp

Jun 2024+0.2 pp

Sep 2024+1.0 pp

Dec 2024+2.6 pp

Mar 2025+2.4 pp

Jun 2025+1.0 pp

Sep 20250.0 pp

Dec 2025+1.5 pp

Mar 2026−0.6 pp

Jun 2026—

Ford Motor Company · F

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022+7.2 pp

Sep 2022−2.5 pp

Dec 2022+1.5 pp

Mar 2023+1.2 pp

Jun 2023−1.6 pp

Sep 2023+1.3 pp

Dec 2023−4.0 pp

Mar 2024−2.2 pp

Jun 2024−1.6 pp

Sep 2024−0.7 pp

Dec 2024+3.1 pp

Mar 2025−2.1 pp

Jun 2025−2.9 pp

Sep 2025+1.2 pp

Dec 2025−27.8 pp

Mar 2026+4.6 pp

Jun 2026—

General Motors Company · GM

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022−2.5 pp

Sep 2022+2.0 pp

Dec 2022+1.6 pp

Mar 2023+0.3 pp

Jun 2023+0.3 pp

Sep 2023−1.3 pp

Dec 2023−4.0 pp

Mar 2024+2.3 pp

Jun 2024+1.9 pp

Sep 2024+0.7 pp

Dec 2024+1.1 pp

Mar 2025−1.1 pp

Jun 2025−3.6 pp

Sep 2025−5.3 pp

Dec 2025−11.3 pp

Mar 2026−0.9 pp

Jun 2026—

LiveWire Group, Inc. · LVWR

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022—

Dec 2022−127.1 pp

Mar 2023−170.0 pp

Jun 2023−300.4 pp

Sep 2023−168.3 pp

Dec 2023+89.6 pp

Mar 2024−290.2 pp

Jun 2024+18.5 pp

Sep 2024−285.5 pp

Dec 2024−10.9 pp

Mar 2025−142.3 pp

Jun 2025+125.7 pp

Sep 2025+266.7 pp

Dec 2025+78.4 pp

Mar 2026+407.9 pp

Jun 2026—

Lotus Technology Inc. · LOT

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022—

Dec 2022−1,070.8 pp

Mar 2023+6,774.6 pp

Jun 2023+7,455.9 pp

Sep 2023+11,775.0 pp

Dec 2023+5,974.4 pp

Mar 2024+711.2 pp

Jun 2024+73.9 pp

Sep 2024+24.2 pp

Dec 2024−6.3 pp

Mar 2025+23.8 pp

Jun 2025−37.0 pp

Sep 2025−5.4 pp

Dec 2025+29.0 pp

Mar 2026—

Jun 2026—

Lucid Group, Inc. · LCID

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022+1,42,482.5 pp

Sep 2022+2,13,894.2 pp

Dec 2022+1,549.4 pp

Mar 2023+519.3 pp

Jun 2023+19.3 pp

Sep 2023−194.5 pp

Dec 2023−178.0 pp

Mar 2024+94.1 pp

Jun 2024+162.6 pp

Sep 2024+161.1 pp

Dec 2024+156.3 pp

Mar 2025+128.2 pp

Jun 2025+83.1 pp

Sep 2025+105.3 pp

Dec 2025+108.9 pp

Mar 2026−55.9 pp

Jun 2026—

Rivian Automotive, Inc. · RIVN

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022+77,269.0 pp

Dec 2022+4,273.7 pp

Mar 2023+1,445.3 pp

Jun 2023+354.6 pp

Sep 2023+223.3 pp

Dec 2023+150.5 pp

Mar 2024+93.5 pp

Jun 2024−4.1 pp

Sep 2024−26.1 pp

Dec 2024+82.1 pp

Mar 2025+70.5 pp

Jun 2025+33.2 pp

Sep 2025+70.7 pp

Dec 2025−26.7 pp

Mar 2026−11.0 pp

Jun 2026—

Robo.ai Inc. · AIIO

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022—

Dec 2022—

Mar 2023—

Jun 2023—

Sep 2023—

Dec 2023—

Mar 2024—

Jun 2024+8,046.6 pp

Sep 2024—

Dec 2024−1,161.4 pp

Mar 2025—

Jun 2025−497.1 pp

Sep 2025—

Dec 2025−1,74,201.3 pp

Mar 2026—

Jun 2026—

Tesla, Inc. · TSLA

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022+3.6 pp

Sep 2022+2.6 pp

Dec 2022+1.3 pp

Mar 2023−7.8 pp

Jun 2023−5.0 pp

Sep 2023−9.6 pp

Dec 2023−7.8 pp

Mar 2024−5.9 pp

Jun 2024−3.3 pp

Sep 2024+3.2 pp

Dec 2024−2.0 pp

Mar 2025−3.4 pp

Jun 2025−2.2 pp

Sep 2025−5.0 pp

Dec 2025−0.5 pp

Mar 2026+2.1 pp

Jun 2026—

07 · compare level, then change

Profit Scale & Acceleration

Empery Digital Inc. has the highest Net profit among the 12 Auto Manufacturers companies compared here, at $233 million net cash. Lotus Technology Inc. is next at $466 million net cash. 3 of 12 companies report a comparable reading, the latest through Mar 2026. Its Net profit series carries 19 reported observations across the 20-quarter window.

What the numbers say: Empery Digital Inc. leads net profit at $233 million net cash; the second comparison lacks enough current evidence.

LeaderEmpery Digital Inc. · $233 million net cash

Gap50% versus #2 · Lotus Technology Inc.

PersistenceNot enough history

Coverage3/12 companies · 191 observations

Investor read: Empery Digital Inc. sets the level benchmark; use the change leader as an inflection watch only after another comparable report confirms it.

This conclusion weakens if: The next two comparable reports reverse the current profit growth signal.

Net profit is the residual after operating costs, interest and tax. Growth off a loss or near-zero base is excluded from the fastest-grower rank.

Net profitlargest

1Empery Digital Inc. EMPD$-233M

2Lotus Technology Inc. LOT · older report$-466M

3Lucid Group, Inc. LCID$-3.4B

Profit growthfastest growers

—Not enough comparable data—

Net profit · company comparison

3/12 level · 0/12 change

All-company data · latest reported quarter

Company	Net profit	Profit growth	Reported
General Motors Company GM	$2.7B	-5.2%	Jun 2026
Ford Motor Company F	$2.6B	439%	Jun 2026
Tesla, Inc. TSLA	$491M	17%	Jun 2026
Ferrari N.V. RACE	$413M	0.2%	Jun 2026
LiveWire Group, Inc. LVWR	$-18M	-333%	Jun 2026
Lotus Technology Inc. LOT	$-83M	—	Dec 2025
Empery Digital Inc. EMPD	$-85M	—	Mar 2026
Robo.ai Inc. AIIO	$-165M	—	Dec 2025
Rivian Automotive, Inc. RIVN	$-416M	—	Jun 2026
Lucid Group, Inc. LCID	$-1.0B	—	Mar 2026
Polestar Automotive Holding UK PLC PSNY	$-1.2B	-3,600%	Dec 2025
Stellantis N.V. STLA	$-20.1B	-140%	Jun 2026

Full 20-quarter history · every available company

Net profit · reported quarter history

Empery Digital Inc. · EMPD

Sep 2021$-6M

Dec 2021$-15M

Mar 2022$-9M

Jun 2022$-10M

Sep 2022$-8M

Dec 2022$-8M

Mar 2023$-7M

Jun 2023$-23M

Sep 2023$-11M

Dec 2023$-3M

Mar 2024$-26M

Jun 2024$-1M

Sep 2024$-14M

Dec 2024$-5M

Mar 2025$-2M

Jun 2025$-4M

Sep 2025$-35M

Dec 2025$-109M

Mar 2026$-85M

Jun 2026—

Ferrari N.V. · RACE

Sep 2021$207M

Dec 2021$215M

Mar 2022$239M

Jun 2022$251M

Sep 2022$228M

Dec 2022$222M

Mar 2023$297M

Jun 2023$334M

Sep 2023$332M

Dec 2023$294M

Mar 2024$352M

Jun 2024$413M

Sep 2024$375M

Dec 2024$386M

Mar 2025$412M

Jun 2025$425M

Sep 2025$382M

Dec 2025$381M

Mar 2026$413M

Jun 2026—

Ford Motor Company · F

Sep 2021$1.8B

Dec 2021$12.3B

Mar 2022$-3.1B

Jun 2022$638M

Sep 2022$-930M

Dec 2022$1.3B

Mar 2023$1.7B

Jun 2023$2.0B

Sep 2023$1.2B

Dec 2023$-523M

Mar 2024$1.3B

Jun 2024$1.8B

Sep 2024$896M

Dec 2024$1.8B

Mar 2025$473M

Jun 2025$-29M

Sep 2025$2.4B

Dec 2025$-11.1B

Mar 2026$2.6B

Jun 2026—

General Motors Company · GM

Sep 2021$2.4B

Dec 2021$1.8B

Mar 2022$2.8B

Jun 2022$1.6B

Sep 2022$3.3B

Dec 2022$2.0B

Mar 2023$2.3B

Jun 2023$2.5B

Sep 2023$3.0B

Dec 2023$2.0B

Mar 2024$3.0B

Jun 2024$2.9B

Sep 2024$3.0B

Dec 2024$-2.9B

Mar 2025$2.9B

Jun 2025$1.9B

Sep 2025$1.3B

Dec 2025$-3.3B

Mar 2026$2.7B

Jun 2026—

LiveWire Group, Inc. · LVWR

Sep 2021$9M

Dec 2021$-18M

Mar 2022$-16M

Jun 2022$-20M

Sep 2022$-21M

Dec 2022$-22M

Mar 2023$-21M

Jun 2023$-41M

Sep 2023$-15M

Dec 2023$-33M

Mar 2024$-24M

Jun 2024$-25M

Sep 2024$-23M

Dec 2024$-23M

Mar 2025$-19M

Jun 2025$-19M

Sep 2025$-19M

Dec 2025$-18M

Mar 2026$-18M

Jun 2026—

Lotus Technology Inc. · LOT

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021$-68M

Mar 2022$-103M

Jun 2022$-103M

Sep 2022$-159M

Dec 2022$-356M

Mar 2023$-159M

Jun 2023$-193M

Sep 2023$-174M

Dec 2023$-223M

Mar 2024$-258M

Jun 2024$-202M

Sep 2024$-206M

Dec 2024$-441M

Mar 2025$-182M

Jun 2025$-135M

Sep 2025$-66M

Dec 2025$-83M

Mar 2026—

Jun 2026—

Lucid Group, Inc. · LCID

Sep 2021$-524M

Dec 2021$-1.0B

Mar 2022$-81M

Jun 2022$-220M

Sep 2022$-530M

Dec 2022$-473M

Mar 2023$-780M

Jun 2023$-764M

Sep 2023$-631M

Dec 2023$-654M

Mar 2024$-681M

Jun 2024$-643M

Sep 2024$-992M

Dec 2024$-397M

Mar 2025$-366M

Jun 2025$-539M

Sep 2025$-978M

Dec 2025$-814M

Mar 2026$-1.0B

Jun 2026—

Polestar Automotive Holding UK PLC · PSNY

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021$-639M

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022$-503M

Sep 2022—

Dec 2022$24M

Mar 2023—

Jun 2023$-342M

Sep 2023—

Dec 2023$-840M

Mar 2024—

Jun 2024$-544M

Sep 2024—

Dec 2024$-1.5B

Mar 2025—

Jun 2025$-1.2B

Sep 2025—

Dec 2025$-1.2B

Mar 2026—

Jun 2026—

Rivian Automotive, Inc. · RIVN

Sep 2021$-1.2B

Dec 2021$-2.5B

Mar 2022$-1.6B

Jun 2022$-1.7B

Sep 2022$-1.7B

Dec 2022$-1.7B

Mar 2023$-1.3B

Jun 2023$-1.2B

Sep 2023$-1.4B

Dec 2023$-1.5B

Mar 2024$-1.4B

Jun 2024$-1.5B

Sep 2024$-1.1B

Dec 2024$-743M

Mar 2025$-541M

Jun 2025$-1.1B

Sep 2025$-1.2B

Dec 2025$-804M

Mar 2026$-416M

Jun 2026—

Robo.ai Inc. · AIIO

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021$-6M

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022$-9M

Sep 2022—

Dec 2022$-32M

Mar 2023—

Jun 2023$-69M

Sep 2023—

Dec 2023$-197M

Mar 2024—

Jun 2024$-32M

Sep 2024—

Dec 2024$-140M

Mar 2025—

Jun 2025$-2M

Sep 2025—

Dec 2025$-165M

Mar 2026—

Jun 2026—

Stellantis N.V. · STLA

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022—

Dec 2022—

Mar 2023—

Jun 2023—

Sep 2023—

Dec 2023—

Mar 2024—

Jun 2024$5.6B

Sep 2024—

Dec 2024$-127M

Mar 2025—

Jun 2025$-2.3B

Sep 2025—

Dec 2025$-20.1B

Mar 2026—

Jun 2026—

Tesla, Inc. · TSLA

Sep 2021$1.7B

Dec 2021$2.3B

Mar 2022$3.3B

Jun 2022$2.3B

Sep 2022$3.3B

Dec 2022$3.7B

Mar 2023$2.5B

Jun 2023$2.6B

Sep 2023$1.9B

Dec 2023$7.9B

Mar 2024$1.4B

Jun 2024$1.4B

Sep 2024$2.2B

Dec 2024$2.1B

Mar 2025$420M

Jun 2025$1.2B

Sep 2025$1.4B

Dec 2025$856M

Mar 2026$491M

Jun 2026—

Profit growth · reported quarter history

Ferrari N.V. · RACE

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 202222%

Sep 202210%

Dec 20223.3%

Mar 202324%

Jun 202333%

Sep 202346%

Dec 202332%

Mar 202419%

Jun 202424%

Sep 202413%

Dec 202431%

Mar 202517%

Jun 20252.9%

Sep 20251.9%

Dec 2025-1.3%

Mar 20260.2%

Jun 2026—

Ford Motor Company · F

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 202215%

Sep 2022-151%

Dec 2022-90%

Mar 2023—

Jun 2023216%

Sep 2023—

Dec 2023-142%

Mar 2024-20%

Jun 2024-9.1%

Sep 2024-24%

Dec 2024—

Mar 2025-65%

Jun 2025-102%

Sep 2025173%

Dec 2025-704%

Mar 2026439%

Jun 2026—

General Motors Company · GM

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022-41%

Sep 202236%

Dec 202214%

Mar 2023-16%

Jun 202353%

Sep 2023-7.9%

Dec 2023-0.7%

Mar 202426%

Jun 202415%

Sep 20240.5%

Dec 2024-244%

Mar 2025-3.4%

Jun 2025-34%

Sep 2025-57%

Dec 2025—

Mar 2026-5.2%

Jun 2026—

LiveWire Group, Inc. · LVWR

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022-333%

Dec 2022—

Mar 2023—

Jun 2023—

Sep 2023—

Dec 2023—

Mar 2024—

Jun 2024—

Sep 2024—

Dec 2024—

Mar 2025—

Jun 2025—

Sep 2025—

Dec 2025—

Mar 2026—

Jun 2026—

Polestar Automotive Holding UK PLC · PSNY

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022—

Dec 2022—

Mar 2023—

Jun 2023—

Sep 2023—

Dec 2023-3,600%

Mar 2024—

Jun 2024—

Sep 2024—

Dec 2024—

Mar 2025—

Jun 2025—

Sep 2025—

Dec 2025—

Mar 2026—

Jun 2026—

Stellantis N.V. · STLA

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022—

Dec 2022—

Mar 2023—

Jun 2023—

Sep 2023—

Dec 2023—

Mar 2024—

Jun 2024—

Sep 2024—

Dec 2024—

Mar 2025—

Jun 2025-140%

Sep 2025—

Dec 2025—

Mar 2026—

Jun 2026—

Tesla, Inc. · TSLA

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 202293%

Sep 2022101%

Dec 202258%

Mar 2023-23%

Jun 202315%

Sep 2023-44%

Dec 2023114%

Mar 2024-45%

Jun 2024-46%

Sep 202417%

Dec 2024-73%

Mar 2025-70%

Jun 2025-16%

Sep 2025-37%

Dec 2025-60%

Mar 202617%

Jun 2026—

08 · compare level, then change

Return On Capital Employed

Robo.ai Inc. has the highest ROCE among the 12 Auto Manufacturers companies compared here, at 135.7%. Lotus Technology Inc. is next at 21.1%. Stellantis N.V. has the highest ROCE change at +4.4 percentage points, so level and change sit with different companies. 12 of 12 companies report a comparable reading, the latest through Dec 2025.

What the numbers say: Robo.ai Inc. leads ROCE at 135.7%, 114.6 percentage points above Lotus Technology Inc.. Stellantis N.V. has the strongest latest improvement at +4.4 percentage points. Read the leader beside the density of its reported history: a sparse high return is a candidate; a repeated high return is evidence of durability.

LeaderRobo.ai Inc. · 135.7%

Gap543.1% versus #2 · Lotus Technology Inc.

Persistence2/7 recent comparable periods

Coverage12/12 companies · 218 observations

Investor read: Robo.ai Inc. sets the level benchmark; use the change leader as an inflection watch only after another comparable report confirms it.

This conclusion weakens if: The next two comparable reports reverse the current roce change signal.

ROCE asks how much operating return the business earns on the capital employed. Direction matters, but a single exceptional year should not be mistaken for durability.

ROCEhighest

1Robo.ai Inc. AIIO · older report136%

2Lotus Technology Inc. LOT · older report21%

3Ferrari N.V. RACE6.8%

4General Motors Company GM0.8%

5Stellantis N.V. STLA0.6%

ROCE changefastest improvers

1Stellantis N.V. STLA+4.4 pp

2Polestar Automotive Holding UK PLC PSNY · older report+3.2 pp

3Rivian Automotive, Inc. RIVN+1.7 pp

4Ford Motor Company F+0.1 pp

5Ferrari N.V. RACE+0.1 pp

Return on capital · company comparison

12/12 level · 12/12 change

All-company data · latest reported quarter

Company	ROCE	ROCE change	Reported
Robo.ai Inc. AIIO	136%	−18.7 pp	Dec 2025
Lotus Technology Inc. LOT	21%	−85.3 pp	Dec 2025
Ferrari N.V. RACE	6.8%	+0.1 pp	Jun 2026
General Motors Company GM	0.8%	−0.3 pp	Jun 2026
Stellantis N.V. STLA	0.6%	+4.4 pp	Jun 2026
Tesla, Inc. TSLA	0.4%	−0.6 pp	Jun 2026
Ford Motor Company F	0.4%	+0.1 pp	Jun 2026
Polestar Automotive Holding UK PLC PSNY	-4.8%	+3.2 pp	Dec 2025
Rivian Automotive, Inc. RIVN	-6.9%	+1.7 pp	Jun 2026
Lucid Group, Inc. LCID	-16%	−6.8 pp	Mar 2026
LiveWire Group, Inc. LVWR	-20%	−5.1 pp	Jun 2026
Empery Digital Inc. EMPD	-73%	−53.6 pp	Mar 2026

Full 20-quarter history · every available company

ROCE · reported quarter history

Empery Digital Inc. · EMPD

Sep 2021-171%

Dec 2021-171%

Mar 2022-58%

Jun 2022-103%

Sep 2022-92%

Dec 2022-124%

Mar 2023-75%

Jun 202369%

Sep 2023173%

Dec 2023117%

Mar 2024-23,877%

Jun 202480%

Sep 2024171%

Dec 202459%

Mar 2025-19%

Jun 2025-33%

Sep 2025-16%

Dec 2025-70%

Mar 2026-73%

Jun 2026—

Ferrari N.V. · RACE

Sep 20214.9%

Dec 20214.6%

Mar 20225.3%

Jun 20225.5%

Sep 20224.8%

Dec 20224.7%

Mar 20235.8%

Jun 20236.6%

Sep 20236.2%

Dec 20235.4%

Mar 20246.1%

Jun 20246.9%

Sep 20246.3%

Dec 20246.0%

Mar 20256.6%

Jun 20256.7%

Sep 20256.1%

Dec 20255.9%

Mar 20266.1%

Jun 20266.8%

Ford Motor Company · F

Sep 20210.8%

Dec 20210.4%

Mar 20220.8%

Jun 20221.8%

Sep 20220.3%

Dec 20221.0%

Mar 20231.3%

Jun 20231.5%

Sep 20230.7%

Dec 2023-0.1%

Mar 20240.7%

Jun 20241.1%

Sep 20240.5%

Dec 20240.7%

Mar 20250.2%

Jun 20250.3%

Sep 20250.9%

Dec 2025-6.6%

Mar 20261.3%

Jun 20260.4%

General Motors Company · GM

Sep 20211.0%

Dec 20210.9%

Mar 20221.3%

Jun 20221.2%

Sep 20222.0%

Dec 20221.5%

Mar 20231.5%

Jun 20231.6%

Sep 20231.7%

Dec 20230.5%

Mar 20242.1%

Jun 20242.1%

Sep 20241.9%

Dec 20240.8%

Mar 20251.8%

Jun 20251.1%

Sep 20250.6%

Dec 2025-2.0%

Mar 20261.5%

Jun 20260.8%

LiveWire Group, Inc. · LVWR

Sep 20210.0%

Dec 20210.0%

Mar 2022-7.1%

Jun 2022-8.7%

Sep 2022-9.9%

Dec 2022-16%

Mar 2023-6.7%

Jun 2023-9.0%

Sep 2023-7.9%

Dec 2023-13%

Mar 2024-12%

Jun 2024-13%

Sep 2024-14%

Dec 2024-15%

Mar 2025-14%

Jun 2025-15%

Sep 2025-18%

Dec 2025-15%

Mar 2026-17%

Jun 2026-20%

Lotus Technology Inc. · LOT

Sep 20210.0%

Dec 2021-12%

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022-27%

Dec 2022-70%

Mar 2023-233%

Jun 2023-263%

Sep 2023-61%

Dec 2023-171%

Mar 2024-48%

Jun 2024-51%

Sep 2024-63%

Dec 2024106%

Mar 2025-24%

Jun 2025-47%

Sep 2025-310%

Dec 202521%

Mar 2026—

Jun 2026—

Lucid Group, Inc. · LCID

Sep 2021-13%

Dec 2021-11%

Mar 2022-13%

Jun 2022-13%

Sep 2022-12%

Dec 2022-10%

Mar 2023-12%

Jun 2023-11%

Sep 2023-11%

Dec 2023-10%

Mar 2024-10%

Jun 2024-10%

Sep 2024-10%

Dec 2024-9.2%

Mar 2025-8.8%

Jun 2025-11%

Sep 2025-13%

Dec 2025-15%

Mar 2026-16%

Jun 2026—

Polestar Automotive Holding UK PLC · PSNY

Sep 2021-5.4%

Dec 2021-6.3%

Mar 2022-5.0%

Jun 2022-12%

Sep 2022-3.1%

Dec 2022-3.0%

Mar 2023-3.0%

Jun 2023-3.8%

Sep 2023-3.4%

Dec 2023-9.7%

Mar 2024-5.6%

Jun 2024-3.1%

Sep 2024-7.6%

Dec 2024-8.0%

Mar 2025-11%

Jun 2025-6.8%

Sep 2025-4.8%

Dec 2025-4.8%

Mar 2026—

Jun 2026—

Rivian Automotive, Inc. · RIVN

Sep 2021-14%

Dec 2021-20%

Mar 2022-12%

Jun 2022-14%

Sep 2022-15%

Dec 2022-9.9%

Mar 2023-8.0%

Jun 2023-7.7%

Sep 2023-9.4%

Dec 2023-11%

Mar 2024-10%

Jun 2024-9.7%

Sep 2024-8.9%

Dec 2024-4.8%

Mar 2025-5.0%

Jun 2025-8.6%

Sep 2025-8.2%

Dec 2025-6.8%

Mar 2026-7.5%

Jun 2026-6.9%

Robo.ai Inc. · AIIO

Sep 2021—

Dec 202119%

Mar 2022—

Jun 202221%

Sep 2022—

Dec 2022-14%

Mar 2023—

Jun 2023-35%

Sep 2023—

Dec 2023-312%

Mar 2024—

Jun 2024-516%

Sep 2024—

Dec 2024154%

Mar 2025—

Jun 2025125%

Sep 2025—

Dec 2025136%

Mar 2026—

Jun 2026—

Stellantis N.V. · STLA

Sep 2021—

Dec 20215.2%

Mar 20225.4%

Jun 20225.4%

Sep 20224.4%

Dec 20224.4%

Mar 20230.0%

Jun 20230.0%

Sep 20230.0%

Dec 20230.0%

Mar 2024—

Jun 2024—

Sep 2024-1.1%

Dec 2024-1.1%

Mar 2025-0.5%

Jun 2025-3.8%

Sep 2025-9.5%

Dec 2025-9.5%

Mar 20260.6%

Jun 20260.6%

Tesla, Inc. · TSLA

Sep 20215.6%

Dec 20216.5%

Mar 20228.7%

Jun 20225.8%

Sep 20228.2%

Dec 20228.0%

Mar 20235.1%

Jun 20234.4%

Sep 20233.0%

Dec 20233.1%

Mar 20241.7%

Jun 20242.2%

Sep 20243.5%

Dec 20241.9%

Mar 20250.5%

Jun 20251.0%

Sep 20251.7%

Dec 20251.4%

Mar 20260.9%

Jun 20260.4%

ROCE change · reported quarter history

Empery Digital Inc. · EMPD

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022+79.4 pp

Dec 2022+46.9 pp

Mar 2023−17.3 pp

Jun 2023+171.6 pp

Sep 2023+265.0 pp

Dec 2023+240.6 pp

Mar 2024−23,802.1 pp

Jun 2024+11.2 pp

Sep 2024−2.3 pp

Dec 2024−57.2 pp

Mar 2025+23,858.3 pp

Jun 2025−113.2 pp

Sep 2025−186.4 pp

Dec 2025−129.5 pp

Mar 2026−53.6 pp

Jun 2026—

Ferrari N.V. · RACE

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022−0.1 pp

Dec 2022+0.1 pp

Mar 2023+0.5 pp

Jun 2023+1.1 pp

Sep 2023+1.4 pp

Dec 2023+0.7 pp

Mar 2024+0.3 pp

Jun 2024+0.3 pp

Sep 2024+0.1 pp

Dec 2024+0.6 pp

Mar 2025+0.5 pp

Jun 2025−0.2 pp

Sep 2025−0.2 pp

Dec 2025−0.1 pp

Mar 2026−0.5 pp

Jun 2026+0.1 pp

Ford Motor Company · F

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022−0.5 pp

Dec 2022+0.6 pp

Mar 2023+0.5 pp

Jun 2023−0.3 pp

Sep 2023+0.4 pp

Dec 2023−1.1 pp

Mar 2024−0.6 pp

Jun 2024−0.4 pp

Sep 2024−0.2 pp

Dec 2024+0.8 pp

Mar 2025−0.5 pp

Jun 2025−0.8 pp

Sep 2025+0.4 pp

Dec 2025−7.3 pp

Mar 2026+1.1 pp

Jun 2026+0.1 pp

General Motors Company · GM

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022+1.0 pp

Dec 2022+0.6 pp

Mar 2023+0.2 pp

Jun 2023+0.4 pp

Sep 2023−0.3 pp

Dec 2023−1.0 pp

Mar 2024+0.6 pp

Jun 2024+0.5 pp

Sep 2024+0.2 pp

Dec 2024+0.3 pp

Mar 2025−0.3 pp

Jun 2025−1.0 pp

Sep 2025−1.3 pp

Dec 2025−2.8 pp

Mar 2026−0.3 pp

Jun 2026−0.3 pp

LiveWire Group, Inc. · LVWR

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022−9.9 pp

Dec 2022−16.4 pp

Mar 2023+0.4 pp

Jun 2023−0.3 pp

Sep 2023+2.0 pp

Dec 2023+3.8 pp

Mar 2024−5.7 pp

Jun 2024−3.9 pp

Sep 2024−5.6 pp

Dec 2024−2.3 pp

Mar 2025−1.7 pp

Jun 2025−1.8 pp

Sep 2025−4.6 pp

Dec 2025+0.2 pp

Mar 2026−3.0 pp

Jun 2026−5.1 pp

Lotus Technology Inc. · LOT

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022−27.4 pp

Dec 2022−57.9 pp

Mar 2023—

Jun 2023—

Sep 2023−33.4 pp

Dec 2023−101.7 pp

Mar 2024+185.7 pp

Jun 2024+212.6 pp

Sep 2024−2.3 pp

Dec 2024+277.6 pp

Mar 2025+23.7 pp

Jun 2025+3.8 pp

Sep 2025−247.2 pp

Dec 2025−85.3 pp

Mar 2026—

Jun 2026—

Lucid Group, Inc. · LCID

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022+1.1 pp

Dec 2022+0.8 pp

Mar 2023+1.5 pp

Jun 2023+1.9 pp

Sep 2023+0.7 pp

Dec 2023+0.2 pp

Mar 2024+1.5 pp

Jun 2024+1.2 pp

Sep 2024+0.7 pp

Dec 2024+1.0 pp

Mar 2025+1.5 pp

Jun 2025−1.0 pp

Sep 2025−3.3 pp

Dec 2025−5.8 pp

Mar 2026−6.8 pp

Jun 2026—

Polestar Automotive Holding UK PLC · PSNY

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022+2.3 pp

Dec 2022+3.3 pp

Mar 2023+2.0 pp

Jun 2023+8.3 pp

Sep 2023−0.3 pp

Dec 2023−6.7 pp

Mar 2024−2.6 pp

Jun 2024+0.7 pp

Sep 2024−4.2 pp

Dec 2024+1.7 pp

Mar 2025−5.4 pp

Jun 2025−3.7 pp

Sep 2025+2.8 pp

Dec 2025+3.2 pp

Mar 2026—

Jun 2026—

Rivian Automotive, Inc. · RIVN

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022−1.0 pp

Dec 2022+9.8 pp

Mar 2023+4.4 pp

Jun 2023+6.5 pp

Sep 2023+5.2 pp

Dec 2023−0.7 pp

Mar 2024−2.1 pp

Jun 2024−2.0 pp

Sep 2024+0.5 pp

Dec 2024+5.8 pp

Mar 2025+5.1 pp

Jun 2025+1.1 pp

Sep 2025+0.7 pp

Dec 2025−2.0 pp

Mar 2026−2.5 pp

Jun 2026+1.7 pp

Robo.ai Inc. · AIIO

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022—

Dec 2022−33.5 pp

Mar 2023—

Jun 2023−56.7 pp

Sep 2023—

Dec 2023−297.6 pp

Mar 2024—

Jun 2024−480.4 pp

Sep 2024—

Dec 2024+466.1 pp

Mar 2025—

Jun 2025+640.5 pp

Sep 2025—

Dec 2025−18.7 pp

Mar 2026—

Jun 2026—

Stellantis N.V. · STLA

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022—

Dec 2022−0.8 pp

Mar 2023−5.4 pp

Jun 2023−5.4 pp

Sep 2023−4.4 pp

Dec 2023−4.4 pp

Mar 2024—

Jun 2024—

Sep 2024−1.1 pp

Dec 2024−1.1 pp

Mar 2025—

Jun 2025—

Sep 2025−8.4 pp

Dec 2025−8.4 pp

Mar 2026+1.1 pp

Jun 2026+4.4 pp

Tesla, Inc. · TSLA

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022+2.6 pp

Dec 2022+1.5 pp

Mar 2023−3.6 pp

Jun 2023−1.4 pp

Sep 2023−5.2 pp

Dec 2023−4.9 pp

Mar 2024−3.4 pp

Jun 2024−2.2 pp

Sep 2024+0.5 pp

Dec 2024−1.2 pp

Mar 2025−1.2 pp

Jun 2025−1.2 pp

Sep 2025−1.8 pp

Dec 2025−0.5 pp

Mar 2026+0.4 pp

Jun 2026−0.6 pp

09 · compare level, then change

Valuation Against Growth & Quality

No company in this Auto Manufacturers comparison reports a valuation figure this section can compare, so the PEG rank is empty. On P/E, Empery Digital Inc. is lowest at 0.02×, across 7 of 12 companies with a usable reading. PEG asks what price is being paid for growth; P/E keeps that answer anchored to the actual earnings multiple.

What the numbers say: There is not enough comparable evidence to name a reliable peg leader.

LeaderNo comparable leader

GapNot enough peers

PersistenceNot enough history

Coverage0/12 companies · 28 observations

Investor read: Treat valuation as permission to investigate, never as a standalone reason to buy.

This conclusion weakens if: The next two comparable reports reverse the current p/e signal.

PEG is shown only when earnings are positive and three-year EPS growth is between 5% and 60%. It is recomputed consistently as the trailing P/E divided by that growth rate — reported earnings, never an expected-earnings multiple. On Indian companies it is shown only where the two data feeds agreed. Where any of that fails the ratio is left out rather than printed: a P/E divided by a loss, or by growth measured off a tiny base, is a number that looks precise and means nothing.

PEGlowest PEG

—Not enough comparable data—

P/Elowest P/E

1Empery Digital Inc. EMPD0.0

2Ford Motor Company F10.2

3LiveWire Group, Inc. LVWR11.6

4Stellantis N.V. STLA13.8

5Ferrari N.V. RACE35.3

Valuation · company comparison

0/12 level · 7/12 change

All-company data · latest reported quarter

Company	PEG	P/E	Reported
Ferrari N.V. RACE	6.0	35.3	Jun 2026
Tesla, Inc. TSLA	3.7	389.4	Jun 2026
Ford Motor Company F	0.3	10.2	Jun 2026
General Motors Company GM	0.2	38.9	Jun 2026
Stellantis N.V. STLA	—	13.8	Jun 2026
LiveWire Group, Inc. LVWR	—	11.6	Jun 2026
Empery Digital Inc. EMPD	—	0.0	Mar 2026

Full 20-quarter history · every available company

PEG · reported quarter history

Ferrari N.V. · RACE

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022—

Dec 2022—

Mar 20232.9

Jun 20232.6

Sep 20231.5

Dec 20231.3

Mar 20241.7

Jun 20241.6

Sep 20242.4

Dec 20242.1

Mar 20252.0

Jun 20252.9

Sep 20253.6

Dec 20256.0

Mar 2026—

Jun 2026—

Ford Motor Company · F

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022—

Dec 2022—

Mar 2023—

Jun 2023—

Sep 2023—

Dec 2023—

Mar 20240.4

Jun 2024—

Sep 2024—

Dec 20240.2

Mar 20250.3

Jun 2025—

Sep 20250.3

Dec 2025—

Mar 2026—

Jun 2026—

General Motors Company · GM

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022—

Dec 2022—

Mar 20230.8

Jun 20230.2

Sep 20230.2

Dec 20230.3

Mar 20240.2

Jun 20240.2

Sep 20240.2

Dec 2024—

Mar 2025—

Jun 2025—

Sep 2025—

Dec 2025—

Mar 2026—

Jun 2026—

Tesla, Inc. · TSLA

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022—

Dec 2022—

Mar 20231.6

Jun 20232.7

Sep 2023—

Dec 20233.0

Mar 20242.5

Jun 2024—

Sep 20243.7

Dec 2024—

Mar 2025—

Jun 2025—

Sep 2025—

Dec 2025—

Mar 2026—

Jun 2026—

P/E · reported quarter history

Empery Digital Inc. · EMPD

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 2022—

Jun 2022—

Sep 2022—

Dec 2022—

Mar 2023—

Jun 2023—

Sep 2023—

Dec 2023—

Mar 2024—

Jun 2024—

Sep 2024—

Dec 2024—

Mar 2025—

Jun 2025—

Sep 20250.0

Dec 2025—

Mar 2026—

Jun 2026—

Ferrari N.V. · RACE

Sep 202138.1

Dec 202150.6

Mar 202242.2

Jun 202235.6

Sep 202237.4

Dec 202239.2

Mar 202346.0

Jun 202350.6

Sep 202343.1

Dec 202344.4

Mar 202455.9

Jun 202449.6

Sep 202453.2

Dec 202448.3

Mar 202544.9

Jun 202546.8

Sep 202546.2

Dec 202535.2

Mar 202632.5

Jun 202635.3

Ford Motor Company · F

Sep 202120.2

Dec 20214.7

Mar 20225.9

Jun 20223.9

Sep 20225.1

Dec 2022—

Mar 202317.8

Jun 202314.8

Sep 20238.1

Dec 202311.3

Mar 202413.7

Jun 202413.1

Sep 202412.0

Dec 20246.8

Mar 20258.0

Jun 202513.8

Sep 202510.2

Dec 2025—

Mar 2026—

Jun 2026—

General Motors Company · GM

Sep 20217.1

Dec 20218.8

Mar 20227.3

Jun 20226.0

Sep 20225.4

Dec 20225.5

Mar 20235.7

Jun 20235.4

Sep 20234.6

Dec 20234.9

Mar 20245.5

Jun 20245.2

Sep 20244.8

Dec 20248.4

Mar 20256.8

Jun 20257.8

Sep 202512.3

Dec 202524.9

Mar 202630.0

Jun 202638.9

LiveWire Group, Inc. · LVWR

Sep 2021—

Dec 2021—

Mar 202214.7

Jun 202211.6

Sep 2022—

Dec 2022—

Mar 2023—

Jun 2023—

Sep 2023—

Dec 2023—

Mar 2024—

Jun 2024—

Sep 2024—

Dec 2024—

Mar 2025—

Jun 2025—

Sep 2025—

Dec 2025—

Mar 2026—

Jun 2026—

Stellantis N.V. · STLA

Sep 20214.0

Dec 20213.9

Mar 20223.4

Jun 20222.6

Sep 20222.5

Dec 20222.5

Mar 20232.9

Jun 20232.6

Sep 20233.0

Dec 20233.6

Mar 20245.1

Jun 20244.3

Sep 20244.1

Dec 20246.8

Mar 202513.8

Jun 2025—

Sep 2025—

Dec 2025—

Mar 2026—

Jun 2026—

Tesla, Inc. · TSLA

Sep 2021251.0

Dec 2021216.1

Mar 2022146.6

Jun 202281.3

Sep 202282.1

Dec 202234.0

Mar 202361.0

Jun 202374.2

Sep 202380.5

Dec 202357.8

Mar 202444.1

Jun 202454.8

Sep 202470.7

Dec 2024198.0

Mar 2025148.9

Jun 2025190.2

Sep 2025308.8

Dec 2025416.4

Mar 2026341.1

Jun 2026389.4

10 · before the conclusion, check the blind spots

What can make this comparison misleading?

This Auto Manufacturers comparison names 6 specific ways its own evidence can mislead, all listed below. 3 of the 12 companies report on an older date than the sector's freshest reporters, so their ranks are marked stale. 1 of the 5 ranked sections has fewer than three usable current readings. A high growth rate can still be a low-base artefact.

Keep these limits visible

A high growth rate can be a low-base artefact. The page keeps level and change separate for that reason.
A high ROCE can be temporary or flattered by a small capital base. Read it beside margin, cash conversion and reinvestment.
The 4-Factor Sector Score ranks research priority, not portfolio action. Management quality, catalysts and risks need equally fresh evidence before capital is deployed.
An “all companies” line chart preserves completeness, but rank changes should be checked against reporting dates before drawing a conclusion.
3 companies have older fundamental reporting dates than the sector’s freshest reporters; their ranks carry a stale marker.
Thin comparisons: Valuation have fewer than three usable current readings.

11 · evidence and freshness

How was this comparison built?

This comparison is built from the reported filings of 12 Auto Manufacturers companies, normalized to a common $ scale and a shared quarter axis of up to 20 quarters each. Fundamentals run through Jun 2026 and market data through 2026-08-04. A second data feed fills gaps only after identity and scale reconciliation, and missing observations are never interpolated.

FundamentalsThrough Jun 2026 · up to 20 quarters per company

Market dataThrough 2026-08-04 · weekly price and relative-strength history

Derived metricsGrowth, changes and PEG are calculated only when their inputs are comparable.

Score confidenceMissing and stale evidence reduces confidence and pulls the 0–100 research-priority score toward neutral.

12 · questions investors ask, short speakable answers

Auto Manufacturers company comparison FAQs

These 20 answers restate the Auto Manufacturers comparison above in question form. Every one is computed from the same 12 companies and the same reported filings as the rankings and charts, current through Jun 2026. Price and relative-strength answers run through 2026-08-04. Nothing here is estimated, and none of it is a recommendation.

Is the Auto Manufacturers sector outperforming S&P 500?

Which Auto Manufacturers company is largest by revenue?

Lucid Group, Inc. leads with revenue of $1,401 million, based on 3 of 12 comparable companies through Mar 2026.

Which Auto Manufacturers company is growing fastest?

Lucid Group, Inc. has the fastest current revenue growth at 61%, across 3 of 12 comparable companies.

Which Auto Manufacturers company has the strongest 4-Factor Sector Score?

Ferrari N.V. ranks first at 61.4/100 with 57.8% evidence confidence. The score prioritizes research; it is not a buy recommendation.

How much history does this Auto Manufacturers comparison include?

The page compares up to 20 reported quarters per company for fundamentals, returns and valuation, ending Jun 2026. Missing observations remain blank rather than being estimated.

How is the 4-Factor Sector Score calculated?

The four visible contributions add directly: growth and earnings up to 35 points, capital efficiency up to 25, valuation up to 20, and relative strength up to 20. Missing or stale evidence moves only the affected contribution toward neutral.

Which Auto Manufacturers company is the biggest?

Lucid Group, Inc. is the largest, with trailing-twelve-month revenue of $1,401 million, ahead of Lotus Technology Inc. at $519 million. That covers 3 of 12 companies with comparable reporting through Mar 2026.

Which Auto Manufacturers company has the best profit margins?

Ferrari N.V. has the highest operating margin at 29.7%, from 8 of 12 comparable companies. LiveWire Group, Inc. shows the biggest recent improvement, at +407.9 percentage points. A high margin matters most when it is holding or rising, not when it is peaking.

Which Auto Manufacturers company makes the most profit?

Empery Digital Inc. earns the most, at $233 million of trailing-twelve-month net profit, from 3 of 12 comparable companies.

Which Auto Manufacturers company earns the highest return on capital?

Robo.ai Inc. leads on return on capital employed at 135.7%, across 12 of 12 companies. Read it beside the length of its reported history: a high return that repeats for years is evidence of a durable business, while a single high reading can be a small capital base or one good year.

Is the Auto Manufacturers sector beating the market?

Auto Manufacturers has underperformed S&P 500 by 20.8% over the last 52 weeks and 9.1% over 13 weeks, measured on an equal-weight index of its current members. Inside the sector, 1 of 12 covered companies are beating the market on their own. Sector strength does not transfer evenly to every stock in it.

Which Auto Manufacturers stock has the strongest price momentum?

General Motors Company has the strongest relative strength against S&P 500. Relative strength answers last, after growth, quality and valuation: price can move well before the fundamentals confirm it, and sometimes without them confirming at all.

Which Auto Manufacturers company scores highest for research priority?

Ferrari N.V. scores 61.4 out of 100 with 57.8% evidence confidence, from 19.2 points on growth and earnings, 16.6 on capital efficiency, 9.5 on valuation and 16.1 on relative strength. This ranks what deserves work next. It is not a buy recommendation, and management quality, catalysts and risk still need separate research.

How many Auto Manufacturers companies does this comparison cover, and over what period?

It compares 12 listed companies over up to 20 reported quarters of fundamentals, ending Jun 2026, plus weekly price and relative-strength history. Membership is the full sector list — nothing is dropped for having thin data.

What is the total market cap of the Auto Manufacturers sector?

The 12 Auto Manufacturers companies on this page carry $1,550,371 million of combined market value. Tesla, Inc. is the largest at $1,292,884 million, about 83% of the sector's total on its own. Market value moves with price, so this reading is dated 2026-08-04.

What is the Auto Manufacturers sector's P/E ratio?

The median price-to-earnings ratio across the 12 Auto Manufacturers companies on this page is 13.8×, measured on the 7 that report a comparable figure. A sector-level history for this multiple is not held here, so this is a cross-section of today, not a comparison with the sector’s own past. Figures are as of 2026-08-04.

How is the Auto Manufacturers sector performing?

1 of the 12 covered Auto Manufacturers companies are beating S&P 500 on Mansfield relative strength. The sector itself is 20.8% behind S&P 500 over 52 weeks on an equal-weight index of its current members. Readings are as of 2026-08-04.

How many Auto Manufacturers stocks are listed in the US?

This comparison covers 12 listed Auto Manufacturers companies in the US, each above the size floor the site applies. The full ranked list is on this page, with reported fundamentals through Jun 2026. Membership is the full industry list — nothing is dropped for having thin data.

Why are some values on this page blank?

A blank means that company did not report a comparable figure for that period, so nothing is shown. Missing observations are never interpolated, carried forward, or replaced with a similar-looking accounting line, and a company with missing evidence has its research score pulled toward neutral rather than being scored as bad.

Is this investment advice?

No. Every figure here is a deterministic calculation from reported company filings and market data, published for research. It contains no recommendation to buy or sell any security, does not account for your circumstances, and is not a substitute for advice from a licensed adviser.