Sector Alpha Week of 2026-08-05
Sector Alpha — machine-written from the numbers · Data as of 2026-08-05

ING Groep N.V.

ING
Financials · Banks - Diversified

ING Groep N.V.'s price has outrun its earnings. +55.6% in a year against EPS +7.1% — the market is paying now for delivery later.

The sharpest disagreement: the price moved +55.6% in a year while annual EPS moved +7.1% — the difference is re-rating, and re-rating has to be repaid with earnings.

The price is in a confirmed uptrend (19 weeks in) while the P/BV sits at the 95th percentile of its own 5-year range. Underneath, the last four quarters read improving — profit +5.9% year on year, with the the net margin at 29.4%. What settles it: whether earnings grow into a price that has already moved.

Stage
Improving
fundamental trajectory, 12 quarters
Price
$35.3
+55.6% 1Y
P/BV
1.7×
95th pctile
of its own 5-year range
Revenue (Mar 26)
$5.5 B
+3.0% YoY
Profit (Mar 26)
$1.6 B
+5.9% YoY
Net margin
29.4%
+0.8 pp YoY
ROE
17%
FY25
ROA
0.80%
latest
01 · Price story

Price story Before the numbers, the tape. A stock price moves through four repeating seasons: a flat base (stage 1), an advance (2), a top (3), a decline (4). Where the price sits in that cycle frames everything below.

ING Groep N.V. trades at $35.3, in a confirmed uptrend and 19 weeks into that stage. That is +23.6% against its own 200-day average. It sits at 100% of a 52-week range of $24 to $35. On relative strength it has been ahead of the S&P 500 on a trailing-13-week view for 10 straight weeks.

Today the stock is in a confirmed uptrend — week 19 of stage 2. At $35.3 it trades +23.6% versus its 200-day average and sits at 100% of its 52-week range ($24–$35).

Aug 26: $35.3 Weekly closing price ($) with 50- and 200-day averages; shaded bands mark the price stage (grey base, green advance, amber top, red decline). 3-year window.
+23.6% versus the 200-day line, week 19 of stage 2
Price50-day avg200-day avg
S2S2S1S2S2$37.2$30.6$24.0$17.4$10.7$$35$29Jul 23Apr 24Jan 25Oct 25Aug 26
S2S2S1S2S2$37.2$30.6$24.0$17.4$10.7$$35$29Jul 23Jan 25Aug 26
Beating or trailing, week by week since 2016 Each cell is one week from 2016 to now (527 weeks): the stock's trailing 13-week return minus the S&P 500's, green ahead / red behind (±25% ramp). Grey cells are the 13-week warm-up or weeks where the S&P 500 reading is not held.
trailing 13-week return vs the S&P 500
Jul 16Aug 26

Against the market, two honest reads. Cumulative: over the last 10.1 years the stock moved +251% while the S&P 500 moved +263% — behind the index over the full window. Recent form: on a trailing-13-week view the stock has been ahead for 10 straight weeks — the ribbon below is that same metric, week by week.

What would end the trend, mechanically: two Friday closes in a row below the 200-day line. That is the exit rule — no debates.

02 · Valuation

Valuation For a bank we price the book, not the earnings: P/BV is what the market pays for each $1 of the bank's net worth. A bank below 1× book is priced below the value of what it owns, net of what it owes.

ING Groep N.V. trades at 1.7× P/BV, at the pricey end of its own range (95th percentile). Its long-run median P/BV is 1.0×, measured across 5.1 years of weekly readings. This places the multiple against the stock’s own record, and says nothing about what the business is worth.

Today's P/BV of 1.7× is at the pricey end of its own range (95th percentile), against a long-run median of 1.0× measured over 5.1 years of weekly readings. This is a comparison against the stock's own history — not a claim about what it is worth.

P/BV 1.7× vs a 1.0× long-run median P/BV, weekly (left axis); book value per share, quarterly steps drawn weekly (right axis). 5.1-year window; brief peaks above 1.8× shown pinned at the top. The book value / share bars are red where the reading is lower than the quarter before.
at the pricey end of its own range (95th percentile)
P/BVMedianBook value / share (quarterly)
1.9×$19.01.6×$14.31.2×$9.50.9×$4.80.5×$0.0×$1.80×$18Jul 21Oct 22Jan 24Apr 25Aug 26
1.9×$19.01.6×$14.31.2×$9.50.9×$4.80.5×$0.0×$1.80×$18Jul 21Jan 24Aug 26
PEG 0.96 PEG ratio per quarter — the P/E divided by the earnings-growth rate. The dashed line marks 1.0: below it the growth is cheap against the multiple, above it the price already prices the growth in. Computed here as quarter-end P/E ÷ trailing-twelve-month EPS growth (only quarters with positive growth), because a reported quarterly PEG is not held for this stock. Last 8 quarters.
below 1.0, the growth looks cheap against the multiple
PEGPEG = 1.0
1.8×1.4×0.9×0.5×0.0××0.96×Jun 23Sep 23Mar 24Sep 24Mar 26
1.8×1.4×0.9×0.5×0.0××0.96×Jun 23Mar 24Mar 26
P/BV
1.7×
95th percentile of 5y
PEG
0.66
derived from 3-year earnings growth

🚨 Why the multiple sits where it does: over the past year book value grew while the price moved +55.6% — the price ran ahead of the book, pushing the multiple up its own range.

The price move, decomposed: over 5y, of the +21.1%/yr price move, ~+4.0%/yr came from book-value growth and ~+17.1 pp from the multiple (expanding). The split is the honest approximate (price return minus book-value growth); it makes the rally itself visible instead of hiding it behind the percentile.

Put together: the multiple is full against its own past, so the story rests on the book-value line underneath it, not the multiple.

03 · Stage: Improving

Stage: Improving Every business sits somewhere on a fundamental arc, and this page names the spot before anything else. The last twelve quarters of revenue, profit and EPS growth — plus the return the business earns on its capital — are read as curves: Deteriorating (the curves are falling), Turning around (a trough has just formed and the last few quarters lift off it), Improving (the climb off the trough is sustained), Consistent (steadily positive with healthy returns), Topping out (still high but decelerating from the peak). When the curves genuinely disagree the read is Mixed; too little history is No read. CAGR (compound annual growth rate) is the smooth yearly pace that turns the starting value into the latest one — the fairest way to compare growth across different time spans. Read the columns together: if the 1-year number towers over the 10-year, recent growth is running hotter than the long-run trend. A dash means that window is not held, or the base year was a loss (where a growth rate is not meaningful).

ING Groep N.V. reads as improving on its fundamental arc. Improving — profit growth bottomed 4 quarters ago at −11.6% and has held its recovery at +2.4%, ROE holding at 12.9%. The read is built from 12 quarters across 4 curves, on full evidence.

Growth, year by year: revenue +1.4% in FY25, profit −0.4% Year-over-year growth per fiscal year, %: revenue (left axis); net profit and EPS (right axis — profit growth swings far wider). Zero line drawn.
Revenue YoYProfit YoYEPS YoY
36%113%22%73%8.6%32%−4.9%−8.2%−18%−49%%%1.4%−0.4%FY21FY23FY25
36%113%22%73%8.6%32%−4.9%−8.2%−18%−49%%%1.4%−0.4%FY21FY23FY25
Three growth curves, twelve quarters Year-on-year growth of trailing-twelve-month revenue (left axis), profit and EPS (right axis — they swing far wider), % at each quarter-end. A missing point means that reading is not held for the quarter.
the trajectory the stage is read from · revenue stabilising, profit accelerating
RevenueProfitEPS
35%119%25%83%15%48%4.4%12%−5.7%−23%%%2.1%2.4%10.7%Jun 23Sep 24Mar 26
35%119%25%83%15%48%4.4%12%−5.7%−23%%%2.1%2.4%10.7%Jun 23Sep 24Mar 26
ROE Trailing-twelve-month net profit as a share of quarter-end equity, %.
the return curve, computed quarterly
ROE
15%14%13%12%11%%12.9%Jun 23Dec 23Sep 24Jun 25Mar 26
15%14%13%12%11%%12.9%Jun 23Sep 24Mar 26
Revenue growth
Flat
latest +2.1% · span −2.9% to +32.1%
Profit growth
Rising
latest +2.4% · span −13.3% to +99.7%
EPS growth
Rising
latest +10.7% · span −5.7% to +109.2%
ROE
Steady high
latest 12.9% · span 11.5%–14.4%

Why it matters: a sustained climb off the trough is the setup this page is built to catch — the question moves to what you pay for it.

Compound annual growth rate (%) Compound annual growth rate over each window, %. Revenue, profit and EPS from fiscal-year figures; stock price is the price CAGR over the same spans. A dash = that window is not held, or the base was a loss.
1yr3yr5yr10yr
Revenue+1.4%+9.2%
Profit−0.4%+21.0%
EPS+7.1%+28.0%
Stock price+55.6%+34.1%+21.1%+11.8%
Revenue YoY (Mar 26)
+3.0%
latest quarter vs a year ago
Profit YoY (Mar 26)
+5.9%
latest quarter vs a year ago
Revenue 10y
2.6%
long-run compound pace
04 · 4-Factor Sector Score

4-Factor Sector Score

51.3/100 — rank 13 of 18 in Banks - Diversified · 46% evidence confidence · provisional, ranked below fully-evidenced peers

ING Groep N.V. scores 51.3 out of 100 against the 18 companies it is compared with in Banks - Diversified, ranking 13. Fill the missing evidence before acting; the ranking is deliberately pulled toward neutral.

The four contributions add to the total exactly: 17.5 + 12.4 + 6.8 + 14.6 = 51.3. This is the SAME number shown on the sector comparison — it is computed once, for the whole peer set, and read here.

What would change it: The read weakens if ROA rolls over or gross NPA rises while sector-relative strength deteriorates.

05 · Revenue

Revenue For a bank, revenue is everything the franchise earns — interest on the loan book plus fees from its businesses.

ING Groep N.V. reported $5.5 B of income in the Mar 26 quarter, +3.0% year on year. That is the 2nd straight quarter of year-on-year growth. Over 4 years it has compounded at 2.6% a year. The last full year, FY25, came in at $21.7 B. The last four reported quarters add to $21.9 B.

FY25 revenue came in at $21.7 B (+1.4% on the year), capping 4 years at 2.6% compound. The latest quarter (Mar 26) printed $5.5 B, +3.0% year on year — the 2nd consecutive quarter of year-over-year growth.

FY25 revenue $21.7 B (+1.4% YoY) Revenue bars, $ B (left); YoY growth-% line (right). 5-year window. A bar is red when it is lower than the year before.
2.6% a year over 4 years
RevenueYoY growth
2436%1822%128.6%6.0−4.9%0.0−18%$ B%$22B1.4%FY21FY23FY25
2436%1822%128.6%6.0−4.9%0.0−18%$ B%$22B1.4%FY21FY23FY25
Mar 26: $5.5 B (+3.0% YoY) Quarterly revenue bars, $ B (left); YoY growth-% line (right). Last 12 quarters. A bar is red when it is lower than the quarter before.
2nd straight quarter of growth
Revenue (quarterly)YoY growth
6.145%4.632%3.118%1.55.3%0.0−7.8%$ B%$6B3%Jun 23Sep 24Mar 26
6.145%4.632%3.118%1.55.3%0.0−7.8%$ B%$6B3%Jun 23Sep 24Mar 26

Pace check: the last four quarters averaged +2.2% growth against the decade's 2.6% — the current year is running in line with its own long-run rate.

Acceleration check: trailing-twelve-month revenue grew +2.1% over the last 4 quarters against −0.2%/yr over the last 8 — stabilising; TTM profit +2.4% vs −5.7%/yr — accelerating.

06 · Net margin

Net margin Net margin — what the bank keeps of every $100 of revenue after every cost, provision and tax. With big fee businesses in the mix, it is the cleanest margin we can read for this bank.

ING Groep N.V.'s net margin is 29.4% in the Mar 26 quarter, +0.8 percentage points against the same quarter a year ago. Across 5 fiscal years the net margin has ranged 23.2% to 35.2%. The current quarter sits inside that band.

The latest quarter's net margin is 29.4%, +0.8 pp against the same quarter a year ago. Across 5 fiscal years the net margin has ranged 23.2%–35.2%.

Why: the numbers show the net margin move clearly, but the cost lines behind it sit below what we hold — so we state the move without inventing its driver.

FY25: 31.7% Net margin by fiscal year, %, line (left); year-on-year change in the margin, in percentage points, line (right). 5-year window.
within a 23.2–35.2% band over 5 years
net marginYoY change (pp)
36%14%33%7.7%29%1.8%26%−4.2%22%−10%%%31.7%−0.6%FY21FY23FY25
36%14%33%7.7%29%1.8%26%−4.2%22%−10%%%31.7%−0.6%FY21FY23FY25
Mar 26: 29.4% net margin (+0.8 pp YoY) Quarterly net margin, %, line (left); year-on-year change in the margin, in percentage points, line (right). Last 12 quarters. Net profit as a share of total revenue, per quarter.
Net marginYoY change (pp)
40%14%36%8.5%32%3.0%27%−2.5%23%−8.0%%%29.4%0.8%Jun 23Sep 24Mar 26
40%14%36%8.5%32%3.0%27%−2.5%23%−8.0%%%29.4%0.8%Jun 23Sep 24Mar 26
07 · Net profit

Net profit Net profit is what survives every cost, interest and tax — the number EPS, dividends and book value all grow from.

ING Groep N.V. earned $1.6 B of net profit in the Mar 26 quarter, +5.9% year on year. It is the 2nd consecutive quarter of growth. Full-year FY25 profit was $6.9 B. The 4-year compound rate is 2.6%. That is 29.4% of the quarter's revenue. The same quarter a year earlier earned $1.5 B.

Mar 26 profit was $1.6 B, +5.9% year on year — the 2nd consecutive quarter of growth. On the full year, FY25 printed $6.9 B (−0.4%), and the 4-year compound rate is 2.6%.

FY25 profit $6.9 B (−0.4% YoY) Net profit bars, $ B (left); YoY growth-% line (right). 5-year window. A bar is red when it is lower than the year before.
2.6% a year over 4 years
Net profitYoY growth
8.4111%6.371%4.231%2.1−8.6%0.0−49%$ B%$7B−0.4%FY21FY23FY25
8.4111%6.371%4.231%2.1−8.6%0.0−49%$ B%$7B−0.4%FY21FY23FY25
Mar 26: $1.6 B (+5.9% YoY) Quarterly net profit bars, $ B (left); YoY growth-% line (right). Last 12 quarters. A bar is red when it is lower than the quarter before.
2nd straight quarter of growth
Net profit (quarterly)YoY growth
2.4127%1.886%1.246%0.65.0%0.0−36%$ B%$2B5.9%Jun 23Sep 24Mar 26
2.4127%1.886%1.246%0.65.0%0.0−36%$ B%$2B5.9%Jun 23Sep 24Mar 26

Why profit moved: revenue contributed +3.0% and the margin +0.8 pp — the quarter was revenue-led, with the margin roughly flat.

Pace comparison, last four quarters: profit +4.3% vs revenue +2.2%. Profit and revenue are moving roughly in step.

08 · Asset quality — the ladder

Asset quality — the ladder Gross NPA is the slice of the loan book where repayments have stopped. Net NPA is what remains after the money already set aside against those loans. Falling is healing; rising is damage arriving.

Loan-book quality history is not available for ING Groep N.V., so this section names the gap rather than estimating a ratio. No gross or net non-performing-asset series is filed in a form this page can read, and none is inferred from the profit line. The income, margin and return sections above carry the evidence this business does report.

We do not hold quarterly loan-book quality numbers for this bank, so this section states that plainly rather than working around it.

Why: loan-book quality is the engine room of a bank, and its drivers — slippages, recoveries, provisioning — sit below what we hold for this name; the sections around it carry the reads we can stand behind.

09 · The loan book

The loan book We read the loan book through revenue — when the book and the businesses grow, revenue grows with them. It is a rough proxy, and we say so: rate moves and fee swings can shift it a few points in any one year.

ING Groep N.V.'s revenue grew +1.4% in FY25 to $21.7 B, so the book is growing. The latest quarter ran +3.0% year on year. The net margin on that income is 29.4%, +0.8 percentage points against a year ago. Interest income is a proxy for the book; rate moves can shift it a few points in any one year.

FY25 revenue was $21.7 B, +1.4% on the year, and the latest quarter ran +3.0% year on year. The net margin on that revenue is 29.4% this quarter (+0.8 pp YoY) — growth with a widening margin on it.

FY25: revenue $21.7 B (+1.4% YoY) with the net margin at 31.7% Revenue by fiscal year, $ B (bars, left); net margin, % (line, right). 5-year window. A bar is red when it is lower than the year before.
RevenueNet margin
2436%1833%1229%6.026%0.022%$ B%$22B31.7%FY21FY22FY23FY24FY25
2436%1833%1229%6.026%0.022%$ B%$22B31.7%FY21FY23FY25

The synthesis: a lender compounds when the book grows while the margin holds and the loan book stays clean — with quarterly loan-quality numbers missing here, revenue growth and margin are the two we watch.

10 · Returns on equity and assets

Returns on equity and assets Two numbers rate a bank: ROE — what it earns on shareholder money — and ROA — what it earns on everything it deploys. ROE above ~13–15% earns its keep; below that, growth builds book slowly.

ING Groep N.V. earns a return on equity of 14% in FY25. Its trough over the ladder below was 7% in FY22. On the asset side every $100 of the balance sheet earned about $0.80, which is the return before leverage is applied.

FY25 ROE came in at 14%, recovered from a FY22 trough of 7%. On assets, the latest reading is about 0.80% — every $100 the bank deploys earns roughly $0.80 a year. That clears the bar a bank must beat for its book value to compound.

FY25: ROE 14% Return on equity by fiscal year, % (line, left). 5-year window. Latest return on assets: 0.80%. A lender is judged on ROE and ROA — return on invested capital does not apply to a bank.
up from a FY22 trough of 7%
ROE
16%13%11%8.5%6.2%%13.5%FY21FY23FY25
16%13%11%8.5%6.2%%13.5%FY21FY23FY25
Jun 26: ROE 13.1% (TTM) Trailing-twelve-month return on equity (left), per quarter, %. Last 12 quarters, anchored to the annual figure.
ROE (TTM)
14.1%13.4%12.8%12.2%11.5%%13.1%Sep 23Dec 24Jun 26
14.1%13.4%12.8%12.2%11.5%%13.1%Sep 23Dec 24Jun 26

Why ROE moved: profit compounded 2.6% a year over 4 years while the equity base grew more slowly — earnings recovering faster than book value builds is what lifts ROE off a trough.

11 · Dividend

Dividend A dividend is cash paid out per share. Dividend per share is the declared amount for the period; the trailing twelve-month total is the four most recent quarters added together.

ING Groep N.V. paid $2.15 per share over the last four reported quarters, up 3.7% on a year ago. The most recent declaration was $0.74 for Dec 25. Against the current price of $35.3 that is a trailing yield of 6.08%, measured on dividends already paid rather than on a forecast.

ING Groep N.V. paid $2.15 per share across the last four reported quarters, most recently $0.74 for Dec 25. That is up 3.7% against the same quarter a year earlier. Against the current price of $35.3 the trailing twelve months work out to 6.08% — trailing dividends measured against today's price, not a forward estimate.

Dividend per share by quarter Declared dividend per share, $ B, per reported quarter. 6 quarters on file.
latest $0.74 (Dec 25)
Dividend per share
0.80.60.40.20.0$ B$1BJun 23Dec 23Jun 24Dec 24Dec 25
0.80.60.40.20.0$ B$1BJun 23Jun 24Dec 25
12 · Debt

Debt

For a bank, borrowings are raw material, not a warning sign — solvency is read through the returns and the loan book. A manufacturer’s debt is a claim against its profits, so the debt-to-equity lens that works everywhere else misleads on a lender and is not applied here.

A manufacturer’s debt is a claim against its profits; a bank’s borrowings are its inventory — money taken in to be lent out. The debt lens that works everywhere else misleads here, so this page does not apply it. The solvency questions for a bank — is the loan book sound, is the equity earning — are read through the loan-book and returns sections above.

13 · Ownership

Ownership There is no quarter-by-quarter holder register to read here, so we read the crowd through short interest — the slice of tradable shares currently sold short, positioned for a fall.

0.0% of ING Groep N.V.'s tradable float is currently sold short — the crowd is not positioned against this stock. At typical trading volumes those positions would take about 0.2 days to buy back. There is no quarter-by-quarter holder register to read for this filer, so the crowd is read through short interest instead.

The latest reading: 0.0% of the float is sold short, and at typical trading volumes it would take about 0.2 days to buy those positions back. The crowd is not positioned against this stock. This is a single point-in-time reading — we do not yet hold its history, so we show no trend chart.

Short interest
0.0%
of the tradable float
Days to cover
0.2
at typical volumes

Why it sits there: who is doing the shorting, and why, does not travel with the number — the level is shown without inventing its story.

14 · Safety line

Safety line The Z-score estimates how far a company sits from balance-sheet distress — above roughly 3 is safe, below roughly 1.8 is the danger zone. It was built for manufacturers, so it is not applied to banks and lenders.

ING Groep N.V.: the Z-score is omitted — it was built for manufacturers, not banks, and applying it here would be theatre. The Z-score was built for manufacturers and is not applied to banks and lenders, so solvency here is read from the capital and asset-quality lines instead.

The safety line in one sentence: the Z-score is omitted — it was built for manufacturers, not banks, and applying it here would be theatre.

15 · Related companies · Banks - Diversified
CompanyScorePrice stageGrowth & earnings/35Capital efficiency/25Valuation/20Relative strength/20
1Bank of MontrealBMO 50.9/100Mixed-positive evidence64% evidence BREAKING OUT 20.2/35 Income 13.3% · PAT 17.8% 62% evidence 11.0/25 ROA — · ROE 3.1% · GNPA — 34% evidence 4.7/20 P/BV 1.69× · P/BV÷ROE 0.55 70% evidence 15.0/20 RS sector 3.1% · RS bench 13.7% · 1Y 59.3%10 of 12 weeks ahead 100% evidence
Exact sum: 20.2 + 11 + 4.7 + 15 = 50.9 · Decision use: Balanced evidence: keep at normal research priority and require another comparable period before raising conviction.
2The Bank of New York Mellon CorporationBNY 49.1/100Mixed-negative evidence60% evidence LEADER 18.4/35 Income — · PAT — 26% evidence 8.8/25 ROA 0.4% · ROE 4% · GNPA — 68% evidence 4.9/20 P/BV 2.11× · P/BV÷ROE 0.53 70% evidence 17.0/20 RS sector 4.1% · RS bench 14.8% · 1Y 52.1%12 of 12 weeks ahead 100% evidence
Exact sum: 18.4 + 8.8 + 4.9 + 17 = 49.1 · Decision use: Balanced evidence: keep at normal research priority and require another comparable period before raising conviction.
3Bank of America CorporationBAC 48.9/100Mixed-negative evidence64% evidence BREAKING OUT 22.8/35 Income 15.3% · PAT 19.4% 62% evidence 10.4/25 ROA — · ROE 3% · GNPA — 34% evidence 6.5/20 P/BV 1.34× · P/BV÷ROE 0.45 70% evidence 9.2/20 RS sector -4.1% · RS bench 6.3% · 1Y 36.7%7 of 12 weeks ahead 100% evidence
Exact sum: 22.8 + 10.4 + 6.5 + 9.2 = 48.9 · Decision use: Balanced evidence: keep at normal research priority and require another comparable period before raising conviction.
4JPMorgan Chase & Co.JPM 48.5/100Mixed-negative evidence64% evidence TURNING 20.7/35 Income 13.8% · PAT 15.1% 62% evidence 13.9/25 ROA — · ROE 5.8% · GNPA — 34% evidence 6.4/20 P/BV 2.34× · P/BV÷ROE 0.4 70% evidence 7.5/20 RS sector -7% · RS bench 3.1% · 1Y 23.8%4 of 12 weeks ahead 100% evidence
Exact sum: 20.7 + 13.9 + 6.4 + 7.5 = 48.5 · Decision use: Balanced evidence: keep at normal research priority and require another comparable period before raising conviction.
5Canadian Imperial Bank of CommerceCM 48.1/100Mixed-negative evidence64% evidence BREAKING OUT 23.3/35 Income 13.6% · PAT 25.3% 62% evidence 12.7/25 ROA — · ROE 3.9% · GNPA — 34% evidence 4.5/20 P/BV 2.11× · P/BV÷ROE 0.54 70% evidence 7.6/20 RS sector -0.1% · RS bench 10.1% · 1Y 62.4%4 of 12 weeks ahead 100% evidence
Exact sum: 23.3 + 12.7 + 4.5 + 7.6 = 48.1 · Decision use: Balanced evidence: keep at normal research priority and require another comparable period before raising conviction.
6HSBC Holdings plcHSBC 47.9/100Mixed-negative evidence62% evidence TURNING 12.0/35 Income 7.6% · PAT 5.6% 55% evidence 12.2/25 ROA — · ROE 3.7% · GNPA — 34% evidence 7.4/20 P/BV 1.44× · P/BV÷ROE 0.39 70% evidence 16.3/20 RS sector 5.5% · RS bench 16.2% · 1Y 66.4%5 of 12 weeks ahead 100% evidence
Exact sum: 12 + 12.2 + 7.4 + 16.3 = 47.9 · Decision use: Price leads the evidence: RS versus the benchmark is 16.2%, but earnings trajectory is weak. Wait for revenue and profit confirmation.
7Royal Bank of CanadaRY 47.2/100Mixed-negative evidence64% evidence BREAKING OUT 20.8/35 Income 13% · PAT 21.5% 62% evidence 13.1/25 ROA — · ROE 4% · GNPA — 34% evidence 3.0/20 P/BV 2.41× · P/BV÷ROE 0.6 70% evidence 10.3/20 RS sector 0.4% · RS bench 10.7% · 1Y 57.3%10 of 12 weeks ahead 100% evidence
Exact sum: 20.8 + 13.1 + 3 + 10.3 = 47.2 · Decision use: Balanced evidence: keep at normal research priority and require another comparable period before raising conviction.
8Citigroup Inc.C 45.4/100Mixed-negative evidence64% evidence TURNING 23.3/35 Income 12.9% · PAT 27.8% 62% evidence 9.2/25 ROA — · ROE 2.8% · GNPA — 34% evidence 8.6/20 P/BV 0.59× · P/BV÷ROE 0.21 70% evidence 4.3/20 RS sector -3.1% · RS bench 6.9% · 1Y 47.6%5 of 12 weeks ahead 100% evidence
Exact sum: 23.3 + 9.2 + 8.6 + 4.3 = 45.4 · Decision use: Acceleration candidate, not a confirmed leader: earnings are strong but sector-relative strength is -3.1% and the one-year return is 47.6%. Do not upgrade until sector-relative strength is above zero and another reported period confirms growth.
9The Bank of Nova ScotiaBNS 44.2/100Mixed-negative evidence64% evidence BREAKING OUT 22.8/35 Income 11.5% · PAT 45.9% 62% evidence 10.4/25 ROA — · ROE 3% · GNPA — 34% evidence 5.6/20 P/BV 1.49× · P/BV÷ROE 0.5 70% evidence 5.4/20 RS sector -3.1% · RS bench 7% · 1Y 55.6%9 of 12 weeks ahead 100% evidence
Exact sum: 22.8 + 10.4 + 5.6 + 5.4 = 44.2 · Decision use: Acceleration candidate, not a confirmed leader: earnings are strong but sector-relative strength is -3.1% and the one-year return is 55.6%. Do not upgrade until sector-relative strength is above zero and another reported period confirms growth.
10Wells Fargo & CompanyWFC 38.5/100Mixed-negative evidence64% evidence TURNING 13.1/35 Income 7% · PAT 10.6% 62% evidence 11.9/25 ROA — · ROE 3.6% · GNPA — 34% evidence 7.7/20 P/BV 1.39× · P/BV÷ROE 0.39 70% evidence 5.8/20 RS sector -15.1% · RS bench -5.8% · 1Y 13.5%2 of 12 weeks ahead 100% evidence
Exact sum: 13.1 + 11.9 + 7.7 + 5.8 = 38.5 · Decision use: Balanced evidence: keep at normal research priority and require another comparable period before raising conviction.
11The Toronto-Dominion BankTD 31.8/100Adverse evidence64% evidence LEADER 6.6/35 Income -4.5% · PAT -10.7% 62% evidence 10.9/25 ROA — · ROE 3.4% · GNPA — 34% evidence 3.9/20 P/BV 1.94× · P/BV÷ROE 0.57 70% evidence 10.4/20 RS sector 1.7% · RS bench 12% · 1Y 63%12 of 12 weeks ahead 100% evidence
Exact sum: 6.6 + 10.9 + 3.9 + 10.4 = 31.8 · Decision use: Balanced evidence: keep at normal research priority and require another comparable period before raising conviction.
12Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, S.A.BBVA 56.6/100Thin evidence · provisional46% evidence BREAKING OUT 17.1/35 Income — · PAT — 10% evidence 13.7/25 ROA — · ROE 5.3% · GNPA — 34% evidence 8.6/20 P/BV 1.62× · P/BV÷ROE 0.31 70% evidence 17.2/20 RS sector 3.1% · RS bench 13.8% · 1Y 51.3%3 of 12 weeks ahead 100% evidence
Exact sum: 17.1 + 13.7 + 8.6 + 17.2 = 56.6 · Decision use: Fill the missing evidence before acting; the ranking is deliberately pulled toward neutral.
13ING Groep N.V.this pageING 51.3/100Thin evidence · provisional46% evidence BREAKING OUT 17.5/35 Income — · PAT — 10% evidence 12.4/25 ROA — · ROE 3.8% · GNPA — 34% evidence 6.8/20 P/BV 1.56× · P/BV÷ROE 0.41 70% evidence 14.6/20 RS sector 3% · RS bench 13.7% · 1Y 44.6%8 of 12 weeks ahead 100% evidence
Exact sum: 17.5 + 12.4 + 6.8 + 14.6 = 51.3 · Decision use: Fill the missing evidence before acting; the ranking is deliberately pulled toward neutral.
14Forbright, Inc.FRBT 47.6/100Thin evidence · provisional10% evidence 18.0/35 Income — · PAT — 3% evidence 9.6/25 ROA — · ROE 0.9% · GNPA — 34% evidence 10.0/20 P/BV — · P/BV÷ROE — 0% evidence 10.0/20 RS sector — · RS bench — · 1Y — 0% evidence
Exact sum: 18 + 9.6 + 10 + 10 = 47.6 · Decision use: Fill the missing evidence before acting; the ranking is deliberately pulled toward neutral.
15Banco Santander, S.A.SAN 46.6/100Thin evidence · provisional46% evidence BREAKING OUT 16.7/35 Income — · PAT — 10% evidence 11.4/25 ROA — · ROE 3.3% · GNPA — 34% evidence 6.2/20 P/BV 1.58× · P/BV÷ROE 0.48 70% evidence 12.3/20 RS sector 1.6% · RS bench 12.1% · 1Y 55.4%7 of 12 weeks ahead 100% evidence
Exact sum: 16.7 + 11.4 + 6.2 + 12.3 = 46.6 · Decision use: Fill the missing evidence before acting; the ranking is deliberately pulled toward neutral.
16Barclays PLCBCS 45.3/100Thin evidence · provisional46% evidence BREAKING OUT 17.1/35 Income — · PAT — 10% evidence 10.4/25 ROA — · ROE 3% · GNPA — 34% evidence 8.1/20 P/BV 1.04× · P/BV÷ROE 0.34 70% evidence 9.7/20 RS sector -3% · RS bench 7.1% · 1Y 40.5%8 of 12 weeks ahead 100% evidence
Exact sum: 17.1 + 10.4 + 8.1 + 9.7 = 45.3 · Decision use: Fill the missing evidence before acting; the ranking is deliberately pulled toward neutral.
17UBS Group AGUBS 42.9/100Thin evidence · provisional46% evidence LEADER 16.9/35 Income — · PAT — 10% evidence 10.1/25 ROA — · ROE 3.1% · GNPA — 34% evidence 4.3/20 P/BV 1.7× · P/BV÷ROE 0.55 70% evidence 11.6/20 RS sector -0.2% · RS bench 10.3% · 1Y 35.2%10 of 12 weeks ahead 100% evidence
Exact sum: 16.9 + 10.1 + 4.3 + 11.6 = 42.9 · Decision use: Fill the missing evidence before acting; the ranking is deliberately pulled toward neutral.
18The Bank of N.T. Butterfield & Son LimitedNTB 42.9/100Thin evidence · provisional46% evidence TURNING 16.3/35 Income — · PAT — 10% evidence 13.4/25 ROA — · ROE 4.2% · GNPA — 34% evidence 5.6/20 P/BV 2.04× · P/BV÷ROE 0.48 70% evidence 7.6/20 RS sector -1.6% · RS bench 8.6% · 1Y 38%4 of 12 weeks ahead 100% evidence
Exact sum: 16.3 + 13.4 + 5.6 + 7.6 = 42.9 · Decision use: Fill the missing evidence before acting; the ranking is deliberately pulled toward neutral.

Missing observations are not scored as bad. Their missing weight lowers confidence and pulls the final score toward neutral. Financial companies use P/BV÷ROE and asset quality; PEG, industrial OPM and ROCE are excluded. Under relative strength, one mark per week shows the last 12 weeks: a mark is filled where the company led S&P 500 by 5% or more over the 13 weeks ending that week, which is the same test used everywhere on this site. Price stage places the company on the same six-step curve the sector itself is placed on — basing, turning, breaking out, leader, fading, asleep — read from how many weeks running it has led S&P 500 and whether that lead is widening or shrinking. It describes where the PRICE stands, not the earnings trajectory and not a recommendation, and it is left blank for a company whose weekly history is too short or too stale to read.

16 · Frequently asked questions

Frequently asked questions

What is ING Groep N.V.'s stock price today?

ING Groep N.V. trades at $35.3, +55.6% over the past year. The company is valued at $101 B. The stock sits at 100% of its 52-week range of $24–$35, +23.6% versus its 200-day average. On the tape, the price is in a confirmed uptrend, 19 weeks in. — as of 5 August 2026.

What were ING Groep N.V.'s latest quarterly results?

ING Groep N.V. reported total income of $5.5 B and net profit of $1.6 B for the Mar 26 quarter. Income rose 3.0% and profit rose 5.9% year on year. Earnings per share were $0.54. The net margin was 29.4%, 0.8 pp higher than a year earlier. — as of 5 August 2026.

What is ING Groep N.V.'s revenue?

ING Groep N.V. reported revenue of $5.5 B in the Mar 26 quarter, +3.0% year on year. For the full FY25 fiscal year, revenue was $21.7 B (+1.4%). Over the last 4 years revenue compounded at 2.6% a year. — as of 5 August 2026.

What is ING Groep N.V.'s profit?

ING Groep N.V. earned $1.6 B of net profit in the Mar 26 quarter, +5.9% year on year — the 2nd straight quarter of growth. Full-year FY25 profit was $6.9 B. The net margin ran 29.4% in the latest quarter. — as of 5 August 2026.

What is ING Groep N.V.'s market cap?

ING Groep N.V.'s market capitalisation is $101 B at a stock price of $35.3. Market cap is the share price multiplied by shares outstanding, so it is restated whenever the price moves. — as of 5 August 2026.

What is ING Groep N.V.'s P/BV ratio?

ING Groep N.V. trades at a P/BV of 1.7×, at the 95th percentile of its own 5-year range, against a long-run median of 1.0×. This is a comparison with the stock's own history, not a value call — as of 5 August 2026.

Does ING Groep N.V. pay a dividend?

Yes — ING Groep N.V. declared $0.74 per share for Dec 25, and $2.15 per share across the last four reported quarters. The latest quarter is up 3.7% on the same quarter a year earlier. — as of 5 August 2026.

What is ING Groep N.V.'s dividend per share?

ING Groep N.V.'s most recently declared dividend is $0.74 per share for Dec 25, giving $2.15 per share over the trailing twelve months. Each figure is the amount declared for that quarter as reported, added across four quarters for the trailing total. — as of 5 August 2026.

What is ING Groep N.V.'s dividend yield?

ING Groep N.V.'s trailing dividend yield is 6.08%: $2.15 declared per share across the last four reported quarters, against a share price of $35.3. Each quarter’s figure is the amount declared for that quarter as reported, added across four quarters and divided by the latest close. — as of 5 August 2026.

Is ING Groep N.V. overvalued?

On its own history, ING Groep N.V. looks expensive against its own history: its P/BV of 1.7× sits at the 95th percentile of its 5-year range (long-run median 1.0×). That is a percentile read against the stock's own past, not a price opinion or a direction call. — as of 5 August 2026.

Is ING Groep N.V. growing?

Yes — ING Groep N.V. is growing: latest-quarter revenue +3.0% year on year, profit +5.9%, and the the net margin +0.8 pp at 29.4%. The 4-year compound rates are 2.6% (revenue) and 2.6% (profit). The earnings engine currently reads: improving — as of 5 August 2026.

How is ING Groep N.V. performing?

ING Groep N.V. is in a confirmed uptrend, 19 weeks in. Its latest quarter's income rose 3.0% and profit rose 5.9% year on year. Against the S&P 500 it has been ahead on a trailing-13-week view for 10 weeks. This describes what the data did, not a rating. — as of 5 August 2026.

What stage is ING Groep N.V. in?

Improving — profit growth bottomed 4 quarters ago at −11.6% and has held its recovery at +2.4%, ROE holding at 12.9%. The read comes from the last 12 quarters of growth (revenue growth +2.1% latest, profit growth +2.4% latest, eps growth +10.7% latest) plus the ROE curve, classified by deterministic rules — a trajectory read, not a buy or sell call — as of 5 August 2026.

Is ING Groep N.V. in an uptrend?

Yes — the price is in a confirmed uptrend (week 19 of stage 2), trading +23.6% versus its 200-day average and at 100% of its 52-week range. Price stages cycle base → advance → top → decline, and the stage names where this stock sits in that cycle — as of 5 August 2026.

Is ING Groep N.V. beating the market?

On recent form, yes — ING Groep N.V. has been ahead of the S&P 500 on a trailing-13-week view for 10 straight weeks, the same metric the week-by-week ribbon on this page draws. Separately, on the cumulative view: over the last 10.1 years the stock moved +251% against the S&P 500's +263% — behind the index over the full window. — as of 5 August 2026.

Will ING Groep N.V.'s stock price go up?

This page publishes no price forecast for ING Groep N.V. What it measures instead: the stock price is $35.3, the price is in a confirmed uptrend 19 weeks in. Its P/BV of 1.7× sits at the 95th percentile of its own 5-year range. — as of 5 August 2026.

Is the market betting against ING Groep N.V.?

No — short interest is 0.0% of ING Groep N.V.'s tradable float, about 0.2 days to cover at typical volumes. That is a low reading: the crowd is not positioned against this stock. With no quarter-by-quarter holder register here, short interest is the cleanest crowd read we hold — as of 5 August 2026.

Is ING Groep N.V.'s loan book healthy?

We do not hold quarterly loan-book quality numbers for ING Groep N.V., so this page says that plainly. The cleanest available reads are revenue growth (+1.4% in FY25) and the net margin on it (29.4%) — as of 5 August 2026.

Where is ING Groep N.V. in its business cycle?

ING Groep N.V.'s FY25 net margin was 31.7%, against a 5-year band of 23.2%–35.2%: mid-band by its own history — neither the peak that precedes mean-reversion nor the trough that precedes recovery. The latest quarter ran 29.4%. Profitability versus a company's own long band is the cleanest cycle clock this page holds — as of 5 August 2026.

What could break the ING Groep N.V. story?

The sharpest disagreement: the price moved +55.6% in a year while annual EPS moved +7.1% — the difference is re-rating, and re-rating has to be repaid with earnings. Mechanically, two Friday closes in a row below the 200-day average would end the price trend — that is the exit rule this page tracks — as of 5 August 2026.

Is ING Groep N.V. a stock worth studying right now?

This is not investment advice. The machine read: ING Groep N.V.'s price has outrun its earnings. +55.6% in a year against EPS +7.1% — the market is paying now for delivery later. The sharpest open question: whether earnings grow into a price that has already moved. Every number on this page is drawn deterministically from the raw series, with no forecasts and no price opinions — as of 5 August 2026.

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