Reliance Industries Ltd

Price story Before the numbers, the tape. A stock price moves through four repeating seasons: a flat base (stage 1), an advance (2), a top (3), a decline (4). Where the price sits in that cycle frames everything below.

Reliance Industries Ltd trades at ₹1,327, in a downtrend and 19 weeks into that stage. That is −3.7% against its own 200-day average. It sits at 21% of a 52-week range of ₹1,259 to ₹1,592. On relative strength it is currently behind the NIFTY 500 on a trailing-13-week view (14 weeks and counting).

Today the stock is in a downtrend — week 19 of stage 4, confirmed. At ₹1,327 it trades −3.7% versus its 200-day average and sits at 21% of its 52-week range (₹1,259–₹1,592).

Against the market, two honest reads. Cumulative: over the last 10.3 years the stock moved +476% while the NIFTY 500 moved +274% — ahead of the index over the full window. Recent form: on a trailing-13-week view the stock is currently behind (14 weeks and counting; last ahead the week of 2026-05-15) — the ribbon below is that same metric, week by week.

What would end the trend, mechanically: two Friday closes in a row below the 200-day line. That is the exit rule — no debates.

→ The trend is one thing; the bill is another. Are you paying up for it? Next: the P/E sits at the 46th percentile of its own range.

Valuation P/E is the price of ₹1 of annual profit: how many rupees the market pays for each rupee the company earns in a year.

Reliance Industries Ltd trades at 23.1× P/E, mid-range by its own standards (46th percentile). Its long-run median P/E is 23.8×, measured across 10.4 years of weekly readings. This places the multiple against the stock’s own record, and says nothing about what the business is worth.

Today's P/E of 23.1× is mid-range by its own standards (46th percentile), against a long-run median of 23.8× measured over 10.4 years of weekly readings. This is a comparison against the stock's own history — not a claim about what it is worth.

Why the multiple sits where it does: over the past year annual EPS moved +16.0% against a −10.1% price move — earnings outran the price, pushing the multiple DOWN its own range.

The price move, decomposed: over 5y, of the +6.5%/yr price move, ~+8.0%/yr came from earnings growth and ~−1.5 pp from the multiple (compressing); over 10y, of the +19.2%/yr price move, ~+10.9%/yr came from earnings growth and ~+8.3 pp from the multiple (expanding). The split is the honest approximate (price return minus earnings growth); it makes the rally itself visible instead of hiding it behind the percentile.

Put together: the multiple is unremarkable against its own past, so the story rests on the earnings line underneath it, not the multiple.

→ Cheap or dear rides on the earnings. Are they actually growing? Next: the fundamental stage — where the business sits in its arc, and how growth has compounded.

Stage: Mixed Every business sits somewhere on a fundamental arc, and this page names the spot before anything else. The last twelve quarters of revenue, profit and EPS growth — plus the return the business earns on its capital — are read as curves: Deteriorating (the curves are falling), Turning around (a trough has just formed and the last few quarters lift off it), Improving (the climb off the trough is sustained), Consistent (steadily positive with healthy returns), Topping out (still high but decelerating from the peak). When the curves genuinely disagree the read is Mixed; too little history is No read. CAGR (compound annual growth rate) is the smooth yearly pace that turns the starting value into the latest one — the fairest way to compare growth across different time spans. Read the columns together: if the 1-year number towers over the 10-year, recent growth is running hotter than the long-run trend. A dash means that window is not held, or the base year was a loss (where a growth rate is not meaningful).

Reliance Industries Ltd reads as mixed on its fundamental arc. Mixed — no clean majority across the growth curves, ROCE holding at 9.3% — the per-curve reads carry the story. The read is built from 12 quarters across 4 curves, on full evidence.

Why it matters: when the curves disagree, the per-curve reads above matter more than any single verdict.

→ The stage names the trajectory. Next: the revenue line that produces it, quarter by quarter.

4-Factor Sector Score

32.6/100 — rank 7 of 7 in Refineries · 94% evidence confidence

Reliance Industries Ltd scores 32.6 out of 100 against the 7 companies it is compared with in Refineries, ranking 7. Balanced evidence: keep at normal research priority and require another comparable period before raising conviction.

The four contributions add to the total exactly: 10.9 + 11.3 + 3.3 + 7.1 = 32.6. This is the SAME number shown on the sector comparison — it is computed once, for the whole peer set, and read here.

What would change it: The read weakens if profit growth turns negative or margin improvement reverses while sector-relative strength deteriorates.

Revenue Revenue is the top line: everything the company billed its customers in the period.

Reliance Industries Ltd reported ₹3,09,468 Cr of revenue in the Jun 26 quarter, +27.0% year on year. That is the 7th straight quarter of year-on-year growth. Over 10 years it has compounded at 14.5% a year. The last full year, FY26, came in at ₹10,55,780 Cr. The last four reported quarters add to ₹11,23,055 Cr.

Reliance Industries Ltd reported ₹3,09,468 Cr of revenue in the Jun 26 quarter, +27.0% year on year. That is the 7th straight quarter of year-on-year growth. Over 10 years it has compounded at 14.5% a year. The last full year, FY26, came in at ₹10,55,780 Cr. The last four reported quarters add to ₹11,23,055 Cr.

FY26 revenue came in at ₹10,55,780 Cr (+9.7% on the year), capping 10 years at 14.5% compound. The latest quarter (Jun 26) printed ₹3,09,468 Cr, +27.0% year on year — the 7th consecutive quarter of year-over-year growth.

Pace check: the last four quarters averaged +15.0% growth against the decade's 14.5% — the current year is running in line with its own long-run rate.

Acceleration check: trailing-twelve-month revenue grew +15.0% over the last 4 quarters against +10.2%/yr over the last 8 — accelerating; TTM profit −6.8% vs +6.2%/yr — rolling over.

→ Revenue grew — did margins hold as it scaled? Next: 15.0% this quarter (−3.0 pp YoY).

Operating margin Operating margin is what is left of every ₹100 of sales after running the business, before interest and tax. It is the cleanest read on pricing power and cost control.

Reliance Industries Ltd's operating margin is 15.0% in the Jun 26 quarter, −3.0 percentage points against the same quarter a year ago. Across 13 fiscal years the operating margin has ranged 8.0% to 18.0%. The current quarter sits inside that band.

Reliance Industries Ltd's operating margin is 15.0% in the Jun 26 quarter, −3.0 percentage points against the same quarter a year ago. Across 13 fiscal years the operating margin has ranged 8.0% to 18.0%. The current quarter sits inside that band.

The latest quarter's operating margin is 15.0%, −3.0 pp against the same quarter a year ago. Across 13 fiscal years the operating margin has ranged 8.0%–18.0%.

🚨 Why the margin moved: operating margin went −2.3 pp year on year while gross margin went −5.6 pp — the loss came mostly from the gross line: input costs and pricing.

→ Margins slipped — did that reach the bottom line? Next: profit −24.6% in the latest quarter.

Net profit Net profit is what survives every cost, interest and tax — the number EPS, dividends and book value all grow from.

Reliance Industries Ltd earned ₹23,196 Cr of net profit in the Jun 26 quarter, −24.6% year on year. Full-year FY26 profit was ₹95,754 Cr. The 10-year compound rate is 12.4%. That is 7.5% of the quarter's revenue. The same quarter a year earlier earned ₹30,783 Cr.

Reliance Industries Ltd earned ₹23,196 Cr of net profit in the Jun 26 quarter, −24.6% year on year. Full-year FY26 profit was ₹95,754 Cr. The 10-year compound rate is 12.4%. That is 7.5% of the quarter's revenue. The same quarter a year earlier earned ₹30,783 Cr.

Jun 26 profit was ₹23,196 Cr, −24.6% year on year. On the full year, FY26 printed ₹95,754 Cr (+17.8%), and the 10-year compound rate is 12.4%.

🚨 Why profit moved: revenue contributed +27.0% and the margin −3.0 pp — the quarter was revenue-led despite a thinner margin.

Pace comparison, last four quarters: profit −4.4% vs revenue +15.0%. Profit is growing slower than sales — costs are eating the growth before it reaches the bottom line.

→ Profit rose — but did the cash follow? Next: 207% of the last 3 years' profit arrived as cash.

Cash flow — the router The P&L says what was earned; the cash-flow statement says what actually arrived. Operating cash flow (CFO) against profit is the cleanest lie detector in the accounts.

Over the last 3 fiscal years 207% of Reliance Industries Ltd's reported profit arrived as operating cash — the cash follows the profit. In FY26 that was ₹1,92,113 Cr of operating cash against ₹95,754 Cr of profit. After ₹1,58,418 Cr of capital spending, ₹33,695 Cr was left as free cash.

FY26: operating cash of ₹1,92,113 Cr against reported profit of ₹95,754 Cr, leaving free cash of ₹33,695 Cr after ₹1,58,418 Cr of capital spending. Across the last 3 fiscal years the conversion rate is 207% of profit.

Cash-flow readings here are annual — that is the resolution our series carries, so this section moves once a year.

Why conversion sits at 207%: the cash cycle stretched 44 days between FY21 and FY26 — more of each rupee of profit waits inside the cycle before arriving.

Router verdict: the bigger cash user is investment — capital spending ran 3.1× depreciation over three years, so the next section's job is to check what that build-out is buying.

→ So follow the cash to where it goes. Next: ₹5,05,580 Cr of building over 3 years.

Where the cash goes Working capital is the cash tied up between paying suppliers and getting paid: debtor days (customers owe), inventory days (stock waits), and the cash conversion cycle (the whole loop, in days of sales).

Reliance Industries Ltd's cash conversion cycle runs 25 days in FY26, up from −19 days in FY21. Capital spending ran ₹5,05,580 Cr over the last 3 years. At FY26 sales of ₹10,55,780 Cr each day of that cycle holds about ₹2,893 Cr, so roughly ₹72,314 Cr sits inside the business at any moment.

FY26: debtors at 20 days, inventory at 88 days — roughly 2.9 months of stock waiting to sell; that is where the cash sits while it waits — for a full cycle of 25 days, looser than FY21's −19.

The full loop: cash goes out to suppliers and production on day 0; stock waits 88 days to sell; customers pay about 20 days after that; and suppliers themselves are paid at 84 days — netting out to the 25-day cycle.

In money terms: at FY26 sales of ₹10,55,780 Cr, each day of the cycle holds about ₹2,893 Cr — so the 25-day loop keeps roughly ₹72,314 Cr sitting inside the business at any moment.

On the investment side: capital spending of ₹5,05,580 Cr over the last 3 fiscal years against ₹1,61,656 Cr of depreciation — the company is building well ahead of wear-and-tear. Capital work-in-progress stands at ₹2,37,686 Cr (FY26) — capacity paid for but not yet earning.

The synthesis: the cash is going into capacity, not disappearing into the cycle — the question becomes whether the new capacity earns.

→ Does all this activity actually earn its cost of capital? Next: ROCE is 10% and the ROIC − WACC spread is −3.9 pp.

Return on capital Return on capital employed (ROCE) is the profit the whole business earns on all the money in it — equity and debt together. It is the single best test of whether growth creates value or just size.

Reliance Industries Ltd earns a ROCE of 10% in FY26. That is up from a trough of 8% in FY21. Return on invested capital clears the cost of that capital by −3.9 percentage points, so growth here is not yet paying for the capital it uses. The wiring behind it is 9.1% net margin on 0.48× asset turns.

FY26 ROCE is 10%, recovered from a FY21 trough of 8% — the full ladder below shows the fall and the climb, undoctored.

🚨 Why the return is what it is — the wiring (FY26): 9.1% net margin × 0.48× asset turns × 2.41× balance-sheet leverage ≈ 10.5% on equity. Margin does its share; leverage is a meaningful part of the equation.

The capstone test — ROIC − WACC: 8.1% − 12.0% = a −3.9 pp spread. The 12.0% is a standing assumption for the cost of capital in India, not a per-stock estimate — read the sign and the size of the spread, not the decimals. Negative — growth at these returns destroys value until the returns recover.

→ Returns like these — is the balance sheet borrowing to make them? Next: debt-to-equity is 0.45.

Debt Debt-to-equity says how much of the business is funded by borrowings. Low is the safe corner; the trend matters as much as the level.

Reliance Industries Ltd carries total debt of ₹3,98,000 Cr against shareholder equity of ₹10,85,866 Cr as of Jun 26, a debt-to-equity of 0.37. On the annual view that ratio went from 0.32 in FY22 to 0.37 in FY26. Read the returns elsewhere on this page with that leverage in mind.

Jun 26: total debt of ₹3,98,000 Cr against shareholder equity of ₹10,85,866 Cr — a debt-to-equity of 0.37. On the annual view, debt-to-equity went from 0.32 (FY22) to 0.37 (FY26). Read the returns on this page with that leverage in mind.

→ Who owns this, and are they adding or leaving? Next: Foreign institutions cut 4.6 points over 8 quarters.

Ownership Who owns the stock, quarter by quarter: promoters (the controlling owners), foreign and domestic institutions, and the public. Steady accumulation by people close to the numbers is a signal; a quiet register is also an answer.

Foreign institutions cut 4.6 points of Reliance Industries Ltd over 8 quarters, the biggest move on the register. That takes foreign institutions to 17.2% of the company. Domestic institutions moved +3.8 points over the same window, to 21.1%. The register is read on the four disclosed classes only; nothing is inferred between filings.

The register over the last two years — Foreign institutions: −4.6 points over 8 quarters to 17.2%; Domestic institutions: +3.8 points over 8 quarters to 21.1%; Promoters: +0.1 points over 8 quarters to 50.5%.

Why the register moved: rotation — foreign institutions −4.6 points against domestic institutions +3.8 points over 8 quarters, with promoters holding steady — one class of institutions handing the register to the other, not a verdict change by the people closest to the numbers.

→ One last check: does the safety math agree? Next: the balance-sheet safety line.

Safety line The Z-score estimates how far a company sits from balance-sheet distress — above roughly 3 is safe, below roughly 1.8 is the danger zone. It was built for manufacturers, so it is not applied to banks and lenders.

Reliance Industries Ltd: the Z-score is not available for this stock, so we say so rather than invent one. It is a distance-to-distress estimate from the balance sheet, not a forecast of failure. The debt, cash-flow and return sections above carry the balance-sheet evidence this page does hold, and each of them states its own reporting date.

The safety line in one sentence: the Z-score is not available for this stock, so we say so rather than invent one.

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